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*EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS*
*ADULT STEM CELLS*
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-‘stem cells’ are ‘cells’ that can differentiate into other types of ‘cells’, and can also divide in ‘self-renewal’ to produce more of the same type of ‘stem cells’-
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(in ‘mammals’, there are 2 broad types of ‘stem cells’…)
’embryonic stem cells’
(which are isolated from the ‘inner cell mass’ of ‘blastocysts’ in ‘early embryonic development’)
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‘adult stem cells’
(which are found in various tissues of ‘fully developed mammals’)
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(in ‘adult organisms’, stem cells / progenitor cells act as a ‘repair system’ for the body, replenishing ‘adult tissues’)
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(in a ‘developing embryo’, stem cells can differentiate into all the specialized cells—ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm (see ‘induced pluripotent stem cells’)—but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin, or intestinal tissues)
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(there are 3 known accessible sources of ‘autologous adult stem cells’ in ‘humans’…)
‘bone marrow’
‘adipose tissue’
‘blood’
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(‘stem cells’ can also be taken from ‘umbilical cord blood’ just after ‘birth’)
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(of all ‘stem cell therapy types’, ‘auto-logous harvesting involves the least risk)
(‘adult stem cells’ are frequently used in various medical therapies)
(e.g., bone marrow transplantation)
(‘stem cells’ can now be artificially grown and transformed (differentiated) into specialized cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves)
(’embryonic cell lines’ + ‘autologous embryonic stem cells’ generated through somatic cell nuclear transfer or dedifferentiation have also been proposed as promising candidates for future therapies)
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(research into ‘stem cells’ grew out of findings by ‘ernest a McCulloch’ + ‘James E. Till’ at the ‘university of toronto’ in the ‘1960s’)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥