-DIAMOND ANVIL CELL-

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*’schematics’ of the ‘core’ of a ‘diamond anvil cell’*

(‘extreme pressure’ generated between 2 ‘diamonds’)

(the ‘hardest’ (/ ‘most solid’?) substance on ‘earth’

(???)

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(with your ‘sample’ placed in between the 2 ‘diamond pressure points’)

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(place a ‘ruby’ to the right of your ‘sample’ between the 2 ‘diamond pressure points’)

(to be used as ‘pressure indicator’)

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(the ‘gasket’ on the right side)

(to ‘seal’ the ‘sample chamber’).

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(the ‘casing’ is connected with ‘vertical screws’ to be ‘tightened’
(right-tight-left-loose)
(?)

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*with 2 ‘backing plates’ to hold both diamonds in place*

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(then fire up some good ole ‘electro-magnetic radiation’ ‘down’ the ‘center’ of the chamber)

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*ABBREVIATIONS*

“DAC”

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*a diamond anvil cell is a ‘high-pressure device’ used in ‘scientific experiments’*

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(it enables the ‘compression’ of a ‘small’ (or ‘sub-millimeter-sized’) piece of material to ‘extreme pressures’)

(the ‘pressure’ is typically up to around ‘100 – 200 giga-pascals’, although it is possible to achieve pressures up to 770 ‘giga-pascals’ (/// 7,700,000 ‘bars’) /// (7.7 million ‘atmospheres’))

(the device has been used to re-create the ‘pressure’ existing deep inside ‘planets’ to synthesize ‘materials’ + ‘phases’ not observed under ‘normal ambient conditions’)

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(notable examples include…)

*the (non-molecular) ‘ice X’*

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*polymeric nitrogen*

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*’gases’*
(like ‘metallic xenon’ / ‘metallic hydrogen’ / AN)
(“ad nauseum for the ghosts of the ‘proto-latinos’ among us…)

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(a ‘DAC’ consists of 2 opposing ‘diamonds’ with a ‘sample’ compressed between the ‘polished culets’ (called ‘tips’))

(‘pressure’ may be monitored using a ‘reference material’ whose ‘behavior’ under ‘pressure’ is known)

(common ‘pressure standards’ include ‘ruby fluorescence’ + various ;structurally simple metals’ (such as ‘copper’ or ‘platinum’))

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(the ‘uni-axial pressure’ supplied by the ‘DAC’ may be transformed into ‘uniform hydrostatic pressure’ using a ‘pressure-transmitting medium’, such as…) 

‘argon’

‘xenon’

‘hydrogen’

‘helium’

‘paraffin oil’

*a mixture of ‘methanol’ + ‘ethanol’*

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(the ‘pressure-transmitting medium’ is enclosed by a ‘gasket’ and the 2 ‘diamond anvils’)

(the sample can be viewed through the ‘diamonds’ + illuminated by ‘X-rays’ + ‘visible light’)

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(in this way, the following can be measured from materials under ‘high pressure’…)

*X-ray ‘diffraction’ + ‘fluorescence’*

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*optical ‘absorption’ + photo-luminescence*

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*’mΓΆssbauer’ / ‘raman’ / ‘brillouin’ scattering*

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*positron annihilation*

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*and other ‘signals’*

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(‘magnetic’ + ‘micro-wave’ fields can be applied externally to the ‘cell’ allowing…)

‘nuclear magnetic resonance’

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‘electron para-magnetic resonance’

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*other ‘magnetic measurements’*

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(attaching ‘electrodes’ to the sample allows ‘electrical’ + ‘magneto-electrical’ measurements as well as heating up the sample to a ‘few thousand degrees’)

(much higher ‘temperatures’ (up to ‘7000 K’) can be achieved with ‘laser-induced heating’)

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(+ cooling down to ‘milli-kelvins’ has been demonstrated)

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*πŸ‘¨β€πŸ”¬πŸ•΅οΈβ€β™€οΈπŸ™‡β€β™€οΈ*SKETCHES*πŸ™‡β€β™‚οΈπŸ‘©β€πŸ”¬πŸ•΅οΈβ€β™‚οΈ*

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πŸ“šπŸ“–|/\-*WIKI-LINK*-/\|πŸ“–πŸ“š

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πŸ‘ˆπŸ‘ˆπŸ‘ˆβ˜œ*β€œDIAMONDS”* ☞ πŸ‘‰πŸ‘‰πŸ‘‰

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πŸ’•πŸ’πŸ’–πŸ’“πŸ–€πŸ’™πŸ–€πŸ’™πŸ–€πŸ’™πŸ–€β€οΈπŸ’šπŸ’›πŸ§‘β£οΈπŸ’žπŸ’”πŸ’˜β£οΈπŸ§‘πŸ’›πŸ’šβ€οΈπŸ–€πŸ’œπŸ–€πŸ’™πŸ–€πŸ’™πŸ–€πŸ’—πŸ’–πŸ’πŸ’˜

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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*

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πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯*we won the war* πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯πŸ”₯