Humans have two hippocampi, one in each hemisphere of the brain
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They are located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain
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In this lateral view of the human brain, the frontal lobe is at the left, the occipital lobe at the right, and the temporal and parietal lobes have largely been removed to reveal one of the hippocampi underneath
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(named after its resemblance to the ‘seahorse’, from the greek ἱππόκαμπος, “seahorse” from ἵππος hippos, “horse” and κάμπος kampos, “sea monster”)
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(the hippocampus is a major component of the brains of ‘humans’ and other ‘vertebrates’)
(‘humans’ and other ‘mammals’ have 2 ‘hippocampi’, one in each side of the brain)
(the ‘hippocampus’ belongs to the limbic system and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables ‘navigation’)
(the ‘hippocampus’ is located under the cerebral cortex (allocortical) and in primates in the ‘medial temporal lobe’)
(it contains 2 main interlocking parts: the ‘hippocampus proper’ (also called ‘ammon’s horn’) and the ‘dentate gyrus’)
(in ‘alzheimer’s disease’, the ‘hippocampus’ is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage)
(‘memory loss’ + ‘disorientation’ are included among the early symptoms)
(damage to the ‘hippocampus’ can also result from ‘oxygen starvation’ (aka ‘hypoxia’), ‘encephalitis’, or ‘medial temporal lobe epilepsy’)
(people with ‘extensive bilateral hippocampal damage’ may experience ‘anterograde amnesia’ — the inability to ‘form’ + ‘retain’ new memories)
(in ‘rodents’ as ‘model organisms’, the ‘hippocampus’ has been studied extensively as part of a ‘brain system’ responsible for ‘spatial memory’ + ‘navigation’)
(many ‘neurons’ in the rat and mouse ‘hippocampus’ respond as ‘place cells’: that is, they fire bursts of ‘action potentials’ when the animal passes through a specific part of its environment)
(‘hippocampal place cells’ interact extensively with ‘head direction cells’, whose activity acts as an ‘inertial compass’, and conjecturally with ‘grid cells’ in the neighboring ‘entorhinal cortex’)
(since different ‘neuronal cell types’ are neatly organized into layers in the hippocampus, it has frequently been used as a model system for studying ‘neurophysiology’)
(the form of ‘neural plasticity’ known as ‘long-term potentiation’ (LTP) was first discovered to occur in the ‘hippocampus’ and has often been studied in this structure)
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(‘LTP’ is widely believed to be one of the ‘main neural mechanisms’ by which ‘memories’ are stored in the ‘brain’)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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👈👈👈☜*“THE LIMBIC SYSTEM”* ☞ 👉👉👉
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥