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/dʒəˈruːsələm/
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‘hebrew’ –>
יְרוּשָׁלַיִם
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‘yerushalayim’ [jeruʃaˈlajim]
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‘arabic’ –>
القُدس
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al-Quds [alˈqʊds])
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*”jerusalem” is a city located on a plateau in the ‘judaean mountains’ between the ‘mediterranean’ and the ‘dead sea’*
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(one of the oldest cities in the world, ‘jerusalem’ was named as “urusalima” on ancient mesopotamian ‘cuneiform’ tablets, probably meaning “city of shalem” after a ‘canaanite’ deity, during the early ‘canaanite period’ (approximately ‘2400 BCE’))
(during the ‘israelite’ period, significant construction activity in ‘jerusalem’ began in the ‘9th century BCE’ (‘iron age II’), and in the ‘700s’ (BCE ?) the city developed into the ‘religious’ + ‘administrative’ center of the ‘kingdom of judah’)
(it is considered a ‘holy city’ in the 3 major abrahamic religions of ‘judaism’, ‘christianity’, and ‘islam’)
(‘israelis’ + ‘palestinians’ both claim ‘jerusalem’ as their ‘capital’, as the ‘state of israel’ maintains its ‘primary governmental institutions’ there while the ‘state of palestine’ ultimately foresees the city as its ‘seat of power’; however, neither claim is widely recognized internationally)
(during its long history, ‘jerusalem’ has been destroyed at least twice, besieged 23 times, attacked 52 times, and ‘captured’ / ‘recaptured’ 44 times)
(the part of ‘jerusalem’ called the ‘city of david’ was settled in the ‘4th millennium BCE’)
(in ‘1538’, walls were built around ‘jerusalem’ under ‘suleiman the magnificent’)
(today those walls define the ‘old city’, which has been traditionally divided into 4 quarters—known since the ‘early 1800s’ as the ‘armenian’, ‘christian’, ‘jewish’, and ‘muslim’ quarters)
(the ‘old city’ became a ‘world heritage site’ in ‘1981’, and is on the “list of ‘world heritage’ in danger”)
(modern ‘jerusalem’ has grown far beyond the old city’s boundaries)
(according to the ‘biblical tradition’, ‘king david’ conquered the city from the ‘jebusites’ and established it as the capital of the ‘united kingdom of israel’, and his son, ‘king solomon’, commissioned the building of the ‘first temple’)
(these foundational events, straddling the dawn of the ‘1st millennium BCE’, assumed ‘central symbolic importance’ for the ‘jewish people’)
(the ‘sobriquet’ of ‘holy city’ (עיר הקודש, transliterated ‘ir haqodesh) was probably attached to ‘jerusalem’ in ‘post-exilic times’)
(the holiness of ‘jerusalem’ in ‘christianity’, conserved in the ‘septuagint’ which christians adopted as their own authority, was reinforced by the ‘new testament’ account of jesus’s crucifixion there)
(in ‘sunni islam’, ‘jerusalem’ is the 3rd-holiest city, after ‘mecca’ and ‘medina’)
(in ‘islamic’ tradition in ‘610 CE’ it became the first ‘qibla’, the focal point for muslim prayer (‘salat’), and ‘muhammad’ made his ‘night journey’ there 10 years later, ascending to heaven where he speaks to ‘god’, according to the ‘quran’)
(as a result, despite having an area of only 0.9 square kilometers (or 0.35 square miles), the ‘old city’ is home to many sites of ‘seminal religious importance’, among them the ‘temple mount’ with its ‘western wall’, ‘dome of the rock’ and ‘al-aqsa mosque’, and the ‘church of the holy sepulchre’)
(outside the ‘old city’ stands the ‘garden tomb’)
(today, the status of ‘jerusalem’ remains one of the ‘core issues’ in the ‘israeli–palestinian conflict’)
(during the ‘1948 arab–israeli war’, ‘west jerusalem’ was among the areas captured and later annexed by ‘israel’ while ‘east jerusalem’ (including the ‘old city’) was ‘captured’ and later ‘annexed’ by ‘jordan’)
(‘israel’ captured ‘east jerusalem’ from ‘jordan’ during the ‘1967 6-day war’ and subsequently annexed it into ‘jerusalem’, together with additional surrounding territory)
(one of israel’s ‘basic laws’ (the 1980 ‘jerusalem law’), refers to ‘jerusalem’ as the country’s undivided capital)
(all branches of the ‘israeli government’ are located in ‘jerusalem’, including the ‘knesset’ (israel’s parliament), the residences of the ‘prime minister’ and ‘president’, and the ‘supreme court’)
(whilst the ‘international community’ rejected the ‘annexation’ as ‘illegal’ and treats ‘east jerusalem’ as ‘palestinian’ territory occupied by ‘israel’, ‘israel’ has a stronger claim to sovereignty over ‘west jerusalem’)
(the ‘international community’ does not recognize ‘jerusalem’ as israel’s capital, and the city hosts no ‘foreign embassies’)
(until ‘trump’ moved the ‘american embassy’ to ‘jerusalem’ (from ‘tel aviv’) on ’14 may 2018′)
(70th anniversary of creation of modern ‘state of israel’)
(’14 may 1948′)
(‘jerusalem’ is also home to some non-governmental ‘israeli’ institutions of national importance, such as the ‘hebrew university’ and the ‘israel museum’ with its ‘shrine of the book’)
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(in ‘2011’, ‘jerusalem’ had a population of ‘801,000’, of which…)
‘jews’ comprised 497,000
(62%)
‘muslims’ 281,000
(35%)
‘christians’ 14,000
(around 2%)
(9,000 (or 1%) were not classified by ‘religion’)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥