(the “Commissioners’ Plan” of 1811 called for 12 numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the “Hudson River”, each 100 feet (30 m) wide, with “First Avenue” on the east side and “Twelfth Avenue” on the west side)
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(there are several intermittent avenues east of “First Avenue”, including four additional lettered avenues running from “Avenue A” eastward to “Avenue D” in an area now known as “Alphabet City” in Manhattan’s “East Village”)
(the numbered streets in Manhattan run “east-west”, and are generally 60 feet (18 m) wide, with about 200 feet (61 m) between each pair of streets)
(with each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile)
(the typical block in “Manhattan” is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).
(according to the original “Commissioner’s Plan”, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of “Manhattan”, where the last numbered street is “220th Street”)
(moreover, the numbering system continues even in “The Bronx”, north of “Manhattan”, despite the fact that the “grid plan” is not as regular in that borough, whose last numbered street is “263rd Street”)
(fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough’s most significant transportation and shopping venues)
(“Broadway” is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at “Bowling Green” in “Lower Manhattan” and continuing north into the “Bronx” at Manhattan’s northern tip)
(in much of “Midtown Manhattan”, “Broadway” runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at “Union Square” (‘Park Avenue South’ / ‘Fourth Avenue’ and 14th Street), “Madison Square” (‘Fifth Avenue’ and ’23rd Street’), “Herald Square” (‘Sixth Avenue’ and ’34th Street’), “Times Square” (‘Seventh Avenue’ and ’42nd Street’), and “Columbus Circle” (‘Eighth Avenue’ / ‘Central Park West’ and ’59th Street’))
(“crosstown traffic” refers primarily to vehicular traffic between “Manhattan’s East Side” and “Manhattan’s West Side”)
(the trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the “Commissioners’ Plan” of 1811, absence of express roads other than the “Trans-Manhattan Expressway” at the far north end of “Manhattan Island”, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through “Central Park”, which is between “59th Street” and “110th Street”)
(proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city’s densest neighborhoods, namely the “Mid-Manhattan Expressway” and “Lower Manhattan Expressway”, did not go forward)
(the congestion makes Manhattan’s crosstown buses the perennial “winners” of the “Pokey Awards” for slowest service in “New York City”)
(another consequence of the strict grid plan of most of Manhattan, and the grid’s skew of approximately 28.9 degrees, is a phenomenon sometimes referred to as “Manhattanhenge” (by analogy with “Stonehenge”)
(on separate occasions in late may and early july, the ‘sunset’ is aligned with the street grid lines, with the result that the ‘sun is visible at or near the western horizon from street level)
(a similar phenomenon occurs with the sunrise in January and December.
(the “FDR Drive” and “Harlem River Drive”, both designed by controversial New York master planner “Robert Moses”, comprise a single, long “limited-access parkway” skirting the east side of “Manhattan” along the “East River” and “Harlem River” south of “Dyckman Street”)
(the “Henry Hudson Parkway” is the corresponding parkway on the “West Side” north of “57th Street”)
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