*as of ‘12 NOVEMBER 2023’*
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*AKA* ->
*WWI*
*WW1*
“THE FIRST WORLD WAR”
“THE GREAT WAR”
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“THE WAR TO END ALL WARS*
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*’global war’ originating in ‘europe’*
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*28 july 1914*
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*11 november 1918*
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*over ‘4 years’ long*
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(more than 70 million ‘military personnel’ (including 60 million europeans) were mobilized in 1 of the largest wars in history)
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*THE BREAKDOWN* ->
*over 9 million combatant deaths*
*over 7 million civilian deaths*
*a ‘casualty race’several ‘genocides’*
*a ‘casualty rate’ exacerbated by the belligerents’ ‘technological / industrial’
(including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents’ technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by grueling trench warfare)
(it was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved)
(the war drew in all the world’s economic great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the ‘Allies’ (based on the ‘Triple Entente’ of the ‘Russian Empire’, the ‘French Third Republic’, and the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland’) versus the ‘Central Powers’ of ‘Germany’ and ‘Austria-Hungary’)
(although ‘Italy’ was a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, it did not join the Central Powers, as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive, against the terms of the alliance)
(these alliances were reorganized and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States joined the Allies, while the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined the ‘Central Powers’)
(the trigger for the war was the assassination of ‘Archduke Franz Ferdinand’ of Austria, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, by Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevoon 28 June 1914)
(this set off a diplomatic crisis when Austria-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to the ‘Kingdom of Serbia’, and entangled international alliances formed over the previous decades were invoked)
(within weeks, the major powers were at war and the conflict soon spread around the world)
(on 28 July, the Austro-Hungarians declared war on ‘Serbia’)
(as Russia mobilized in support of ‘Serbia’, Germany invaded neutral Belgium and Luxembourg before moving towards France, leading the United Kingdom to declare war on Germany)
(after the German march on Paris was halted, what became known as the ‘Western Front’ settled into a ‘battle of attrition’, with a trench line that changed little until 1917)
(on the ‘Eastern Front’, the Russian army was successful against the Austro-Hungarians, but the Germans stopped its invasion of ‘East Prussia’)
(in November 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers, opening fronts in the Caucasus, Mesopotamia, and the ‘Sinai’)
(in 1915, Italy joined the Allies and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers; Romania joined the Allies in 1916, as did the ‘United States’ in 1917)
(the Russian government collapsed in March 1917, and a revolution in November followed by a further military defeat brought the Russians to terms with the Central Powers via the ‘Treaty of Brest Litovsk’, which granted the Germans a significant victory)
(after a stunning German offensive along the Western Front in the spring of 1918, the Allies rallied and drove back the Germans in a series of successful offensives)
(on 4 November 1918, the Austro-Hungarian empire agreed to an armistice, and Germany, which had its own trouble with revolutionaries, agreed to an armistice on 11 November 1918, ending the war in victory for the ‘Allies’)
(by the end of the war or soon after, the German Empire, Russian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the ‘Ottoman Empire’ ceased to exist)
(national borders were redrawn, with several independent nations restored or created, and Germany’s colonies were parceled out among the victors)
(during the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, the ‘Big Four’ (Britain, France, the United States and Italy) imposed their terms in a series of treaties)
(the ‘League of Nations’ was formed with the aim of preventing any repetition of such a conflict)
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(this effort failed, and economic depression, renewed nationalism, weakened successor states, and feelings of humiliation (particularly in ‘germany’) eventually contributed to ‘world war 2’)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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👈👈👈☜*“FORMAL AMERICAN WARS”* ☞ 👉👉👉
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥