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(/ɪˈræk/, i/ɪˈrɑːk/, or /aɪˈræk/;
Arabic: العراق al-‘Irāq, Kurdish: Êraq),
officially the Republic of Iraq
(Arabic: جمهورية العراق (help·info) Jumhūrīyat al-‘Irāq;
Kurdish:كۆماری عێراق Komar-i ‘Êraq)
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(‘iraq’ is a country in ‘western asia’)
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(the country borders
‘Turkey’ to the north,
‘Iran’ to the east,
‘Kuwait’ to the southeast,
‘Saudi Arabia’ to the south,
‘Jordan’ to the southwest, and
‘Syria’ to the west)
(the southern part of ‘Iraq’ is within the ‘Arabian Peninsula’)
(the capital, ‘Baghdad’, is in the center of the country and its largest city)
(the largest ethnic groups in ‘Iraq’ are ‘Arabs’ and ‘Kurds’)
(other ethnic groups include ‘Assyrians’, ‘Turkmen’, ‘Shabakis’, ‘Yazidis’, ‘Armenians’, ‘Mandeans’, ‘Circassians’, and ‘Kawliya’)
(around 95% of the country’s 36 million citizens are ‘Shia’ or ‘Sunni’ Muslims, with ‘Christianity’, ‘Yarsan’, ‘Yezidism’, and ‘Mandeanism’ also present)
(‘Iraq’ has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km (36 mi) on the northern ‘Persian Gulf’ and its territory encompasses the ‘Mesopotamian Alluvial Plain’, the northwestern end of the ‘Zagros’ mountain range, and the eastern part of the ‘Syrian Desert’)
(two major rivers, the ‘Tigris’ and ‘Euphrates’, run south through the center of Iraq and flow into the ‘Shatt al-Arab’ near the ‘Persian Gulf’)
(these rivers provide ‘iraq’ with significant amounts of fertile land)
(the region between the ‘Tigris’ and ‘Euphrates’ rivers, historically known as ‘Mesopotamia’, is most often referred to as humanity’s ‘cradle of civilization’)
(it was here that mankind first began to read, write, create laws, and live in cities under an organized government—notably ‘Uruk’, from which Iraq was derived)
(the area has been home to continuous successive civilizations since the ‘6th millennium BC’)
(at different periods in its history, ‘Iraq’ was the centre of the indigenous ‘Akkadian’, ‘Sumerian’, ‘Assyrian’, and ‘Babylonian’ empires)
(it was also part of the ‘Median’, ‘Achaemenid’, ‘Hellenistic’, ‘Parthian’, ‘Sassanid’, ‘Roman’, ‘Rashidun’, ‘Umayyad’, ‘Abbasid’, ‘Mongol’, ‘Safavid’, ‘Afsharid’, and ‘Ottoman’ empires, and under British control as a ‘League of Nations’ mandate)
(Iraq’s modern borders were mostly demarcated in 1920 by the ‘League of Nations’ when the ‘Ottoman Empire’ was divided by the ‘Treaty of Sèvres’)
(‘Iraq’ was placed under the authority of the ‘United Kingdom’ as the ‘British Mandate of Mesopotamia’)
(a monarchy was established in 1921 and the ‘Kingdom of Iraq’ gained independence from ‘Britain’ in 1932)
(in 1958, the monarchy was overthrown and the ‘Republic of Iraq’ was created)
(‘iraq’ was controlled by the Arab Socialist ‘Ba’ath Party’ from 1968 until 2003)
(after an invasion by the ‘United States’ and its allies in 2003, Saddam Hussein’s ‘Ba’ath Party’ was removed from power and multi-party parliamentary elections were held in 2005)
(the american presence in Iraq ended in 2011, but the Iraqi insurgency continued and intensified as fighters from the ‘syrian civil war’ spilled into the country)
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“AHMED CHALABI”
“ahmed abdel hadi chalabi”
(30 october 1944 – 3 november 2015)
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baghdad
(capital of iraq)
Iraq (/ɪˈræk/, i/ɪˈrɑːk/, or /aɪˈræk/; Arabic: العراق al-‘Irāq, Kurdish: Êraq), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic: جمهورية العراق (help·info) Jumhūrīyat al-‘Irāq; Kurdish:كۆماری عێراق Komar-i ‘Êraq), is a country in Western Asia. The country borders Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south,Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. The southern part of Iraq is within the Arabian Peninsula. The capital, Baghdad, is in the centre of the country and its largest city. The largest ethnic groups in Iraq are Arabs and Kurds. Other ethnic groups include Assyrians, Turkmen, Shabakis, Yazidis, Armenians, Mandeans,Circassians, and Kawliya.[6] Around 95% of the country’s 36 million citizens are Shia or Sunni Muslims, with Christianity, Yarsan, Yezidism, and Mandeanism also present.
Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km (36 mi) on the northern Persian Gulf and its territory encompasses the Mesopotamian Alluvial Plain, the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, and the eastern part of the Syrian Desert.[7] Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run south through the centre of Iraq and flow into the Shatt al-Arab near the Persian Gulf. These rivers provide Iraq with significant amounts of fertile land.
The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, historically known as Mesopotamia, is most often referred to as humanity’s cradle of civilisation. It was here that mankind first began to read, write, create laws, and live in cities under an organised government—notably Uruk, from which Iraq was derived. The area has been home to continuous successive civilisations since the 6th millennium BC. At different periods in its history, Iraq was the centre of the indigenous Akkadian, Sumerian,Assyrian, and Babylonian empires. It was also part of the Median, Achaemenid, Hellenistic, Parthian, Sassanid, Roman, Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, Mongol,Safavid, Afsharid, and Ottoman empires, and under British control as a League of Nations mandate.[8]
Iraq’s modern borders were mostly demarcated in 1920 by the League of Nations when the Ottoman Empire was divided by the Treaty of Sèvres. Iraq was placed under the authority of the United Kingdom as the British Mandate of Mesopotamia.
A monarchy was established in 1921 and the Kingdom of Iraq gained independence from Britain in 1932.
In 1958, the monarchy was overthrown and the Republic of Iraq was created.
Iraq was controlled by the Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party from 1968 until 2003.
after an invasion by the United States and its allies in 2003, Saddam Hussein’s Ba’ath Party was removed from power and multi-party parliamentary elections were held in 2005.
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(the ‘american presence’ in ‘iraq’ ended in ‘2011’, but the ‘iraqi insurgency’ continued + intensified as fighters from the ‘syrian civil war’ spilled into the country)
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👈👈👈☜*MODERN NATIONS OF THE ‘MIDDLE EAST’* ☞ 👉👉👉
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥