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(“emperor xian” of “han” (~ ‘181’ – ’21 april 234′) / (personal name liu xie) / (courtesy name bohe) was the ‘14th’ + ‘final’ emperor of the ‘eastern han’ dynasty in ‘ancient china’)
(he reigned from 28 September 189 until 10 December 220)
(‘Liu Xie’ was a son of ‘Liu Hong’ (‘Emperor Ling’) and was a younger half-brother of his predecessor, ‘Liu Bian’ (‘Emperor Shao’))
(in 189, at the age of 8, he became emperor after the warlord ‘Dong Zhuo’, who had seized control of the ‘Han’ central government, deposed ‘Emperor Shao’ and replaced him with ‘Liu Xie’)
(the newly enthroned ‘Liu Xie’, historically known as ‘Emperor Xian’, was in fact a ‘puppet ruler’ under Dong Zhuo’s control)
(in 190, when a coalition of regional warlords launched a punitive campaign against ‘Dong Zhuo’ in the name of freeing ‘Emperor Xian’, ‘Dong Zhuo’ ordered the destruction of the imperial capital, ‘Luoyang’, and forcefully relocated the imperial capital along with its residents to ‘Chang’an’)
(after Dong Zhuo’s assassination in 192, ‘Emperor Xian’ fell under the control of ‘Li Jue’ and ‘Guo Si’, 2 former subordinates of ‘Dong Zhuo’)
(the various regional warlords formally acknowledged Emperor Xian’s legitimacy but never took action to save him from being held hostage)
(in 195, ‘Emperor Xian’ managed to escape from ‘Chang’an’ and return to the ruins of ‘Luoyang’, where he soon became stranded)
(a year later, the warlord ‘Cao Cao’ led his forces into ‘Luoyang’, received ‘Emperor Xian’, took him under his protection, and escorted him to ‘Xu’, where the new imperial capital was established)
(although ‘Cao Cao’ paid nominal allegiance to ‘Emperor Xian’, he was actually the de facto head of the central government)
(he skilfully used ‘Emperor Xian’ as a “trump card” to bolster his legitimacy when he attacked and eliminated rival warlords in his quest to reunify the ‘Han Empire’ under the central government’s rule)
(Cao Cao’s success seemed inevitable until the winter of 208–209, when he lost the decisive ‘Battle of Red Cliffs’ against the southern warlords ‘Sun Quan’ and ‘Liu Bei’)
(the battle paved the way for the subsequent emergence of the ‘3 Kingdoms’ later)
(in late 220, some months after Cao Cao’s death, Cao Cao’s successor, ‘Cao Pi’, forced ‘Emperor Xian’ to abdicate the throne to him)
(he then established the state of ‘Cao Wei’ with himself as the new emperor – an event marking the formal end of the ‘Han’ dynasty and the beginning of the ‘3 Kingdoms’ period in ‘China’)
(the dethroned ’emperor xian’ received the noble title Duke of Shanyang from ‘Cao Pi’ and spent the rest of his life in comfort and enjoyed ‘preferential treatment’)
(he died in ‘234’ at the age of ’53’, ’14’ years after the fall of the ‘han dynasty’)
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