-FRENCH LEADERS-

-as of [1 SEPTEMBER 2025]-

.

-KING LOUIS 7-

-REIGNED FROM [1137] TO [1180]-

-LAST “KING OF THE FRANKS”-

.

-PHILIP 2-

-REIGNED FROM [1180] – [1223]-

-FIRST OFFICIAL “KING OF FRANCE”-

-PREVIOUS KINGS OF “CAPETIAN DYNASTY” WERE CALLED “KING OF THE FRANKS”-

-DESCENDENTS OF “HUGH CAPET”-

.

-CHARLES 6-

-REIGNED FROM [1380] TO [1422]-

.

-CHARLES 8-

-REIGNED FROM [30 AUGUST 1483] – [7 APRIL 1498]-

.

-KING LOUIS 14-

“KING OF FRANCE”

-[14 MAY 1643] – [1 SEPTEMBER 1715]-

.

-KING LOUIS 15-

-[1715] – [1774]-

.

-KING LOUIS 16-

-[1754] – [1793]-

-REIGNED FROM [1774] – [1792]-

-ASSUMED THE THRONE AT [AGE 20]-

(AFTER HIS FATHER DIED AT [AGE 64])

.

-22 OCTOBER 1781-

-[KING LOUIS 16]’S OLDEST SON “LOUIS JOSEPH” IS BORN-

.

-27 MARCH 1785-

-[KING LOUIS 16]’S YOUNGER SON “LOUIS CHARLES” IS BORN-

.

-4 JUNE 1789-

-[KING LOUIS 16]’S OLDEST SON “LOUIS JOSEPH” DIES OF [TUBERCULOSIS]-

-[AGE 7]-

.

-21 SEPTEMBER 1792-

-[KING LOUIS 16] IS DEPOSED-

-THE [MONARCHY] IS [ABOLISHED]-

.

-21 JANUARY 1793-

-[KING LOUIS 16] IS [BE-HEADED]-

-[AGE 38]-

.

-KING LOUIS 17-

-[1785] – [1795]-

-“REIGNED” FROM [1793] – [1795]

-[AGE 8]-

-8 JUNE 1795-

-[LOUIS 17] DIES IN CAPTIVITY AT [AGE 10]-

.

-FRENCH 1ST REPUBLIC-

-[1792] – [1804]-

(12 YEARS)

.

“FIRST COALITION”
-[1792] – [1797]-

(5 YEARS)

.

“NATIONAL CONVENTION”

-[1792] – [1793]-

-MODERATE “GIRONDINS” VS RADICAL “MONTAGNARDS”-

.

“COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY”

-[1793] – [1794]-

“REIGN OF TERROR”

“MAXIMILLIEN ROBESPIERRE”
(1758 – 1794)

(EXECUTED AT [AGE 36])

.

“THE DIRECTORY”

-[1795] – [1799]-

(4 YEARS)

.

-9 MARCH 1796-

-NAPOLEON MARRIES “JOSÉPHINE OF BEAUHARNAIS”-

-HE IS 27-

-SHE IS 33-

.

“2ND COALITION”
-[1798] – [1802]-

(4 YEARS)

.

“THE CONSULATE”

-[1799] – [1804]-

-MILITARY COUP-

-HEADED BY [NAPOLEON]-

(5 YEARS)

.

“FIRST FRENCH EMPIRE”

-[1804] – [1814]-

-[10 YEARS]-

-NAPOLEON BONAPARTE-

(EMPEROR)
([18 MAY 1804] – [6 APRIL 1814])

.

“3RD COALITION”
(1805)

.

“4TH COALITION”
-[1806] – [1807]-

.

-20 APRIL 1808-

-[NAPOLEON 3] IS BORN-

-SON OF NAPOLEON’S YOUNGER BROTHER “LOUIS BONAPARTE”-

.

“5TH COALITION”
(1809)

.

-10 JANUARY 1810-

-[NAPOLEON] ANNULS HIS MARRIAGE TO [JOSÉPHINE]-

-SHE WAS 47-

-AFTER 14 YEARS OF MARRIAGE, SHE DIDN’T PROVIDE HIM ANY CHILDREN-

-MEANING NO MALE SUCCESSOR-

-SHE ALREADY HAD 2 CHILDREN WITH HER 1ST HUSBAND-

-SHE HAD HER FIRST CHILD AT [AGE 18]-

-SHE HAD HER SECOND CHILD AT [AGE 20]-

.

-11 MARCH 1810-

-NAPOLEON MARRIES [MARIE LOUISE]-

-HE IS 41-

-SHE IS 19-

“MARIE LOUISE”
(1791 – 1847)

(2ND WIFE OF NAPOLEON)

(DAUGHTER OF “FRANCIS 2”)

(“HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR”)

(“AUSTRIAN EMPEROR”)

.

“NAPOLEON 2”

(BORN [20 MARCH 1811])

-[NAPOLEON] IS [42]-

-[MARIE LOUISE] IS [20]-

.

“THE 6TH COALITION” —>
(1813-1814)

-AUSTRIA-

-RUSSIA-

-PRUSSIA-

-SPAIN-

-THE [UNITED KINGDOM]-

-PORTUGAL-

-SWEDEN-

-SARDINIA-

-SEVERAL [GERMAN STATES]-

.

-[NAPOLEON] TRIED INVADING [RUSSIA]-

-BY THE BEGINNING OF 1814, THE “6TH COALITION” WAS CLOSING IN ON [PARIS]-

.

-APRIL 1814-

-NAPOLEON ABDICATED + WAS EXILED TO THE ISLAND OF “ELBA”-

(“TUSCANY” / “ITALY”)

-AGE 45-

.

-KING LOUIS 18-

(1755 – 1824)

-IN 1814, HE IS [59]-

-REIGNS FROM [1814] TO [1815]-

(1814 – 1815)

(1815 – 1824)

.

“HUNDRED DAYS”

“WATERLOO CAMPAIGN”

.

-1 MARCH 1815-

-[NAPOLEON] ESCAPES FROM [ELBA] + LANDS IN “GOLFE-JUAN”-

.

-19 MARCH 1815-

-[NAPOLEON] GATHERS ARMY + MARCHES ON [PARIS]-

-[KING LOUIS 18] FLEES THE CAPITAL-

.

“CONGRESS OF VIENNA”

(MEETING OF “EUROPEAN POWERS” ON HOW TO PROCEED IN A “POST-NAPOLEONIC EUROPE”)

(NAPOLEON DECLARED AN “OUTLAW”)

.

“THE 7TH COALITION” —>
(1815)

-GREAT BRITAIN-

-AUSTRIA-

-PRUSSIA-

-RUSSIA-

.

-15 JUNE 1815-

-BEGINNING OF “WATERLOO CAMPAIGN”-

-THE [FRENCH ARMY] CROSSES THE “RIVER SAMBRE”-

.

-ARTHUR WELLESLEY-

(RE-CHRISTENED THE “DUKE OF WELLINGTON” BY BRITISH KING “GEORGE 3”)

.

-18 JUNE 1815-

“BATTLE OF WATERLOO”

-THE [BRITISH FORCES] UNDER [ARTHUR WELLESLEY] FORCED NAPOLEON’S ARMY BACK TO [PARIS]-

.

-22 JUNE 1815-

-[NAPOLEON] ABDICATED HIS “EMPEROR TITLE” + DECLARED HIS SON “EMPEROR OF THE FRENCH”-

-HIS SON WAS [4] AT THE TIME-

.

-8 JULY 1815-

-[KING LOUIS 18] IS RESTORED TO THE FRENCH [THRONE]-

-HE IS [60]-

.

-15 JULY 1815-

-[NAPOLEON] SURRENDERS TO [BRITISH FORCES]-

.

-16 SEPTEMBER 1824-

-DEATH OF [KING LOUIS 18]-

-AGE 68-

.

-KING CHARLES 10-

(1757 – 1836)

-YOUNGER BROTHER OF [KING LOUIS 18]-

-REIGNED FROM [16 SEPTEMBER 1824] TO [2 AUGUST 1830]-

-ASSUMED THE THRONE AT [AGE 67]-

.

“JULY REVOLUTION”

(1830)

“NOW WHAT?”

.

-“KING CHARLES 10” ISSUES THE “4 ORDINANCES OF [SAINT-CLOUD]”-

-AND IS SUMMARILY DEPOSED-

.

-[KING LOUIS PHILIPPE 1] APPOINTED BY THE “PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT” AS “CITIZEN KING”-

-[1830] – [1848]-

-[18-YEAR] REIGN-

-THE FINAL “KING OF FRANCE”-

.

-KING LOUIS PHILIPPE 1-

(1773 – 1850)

-DISTANT COUSIN OF “KING CHARLES 10”-

“HOUSE OF ORLÉANS”

-ASSUMED THRONE AT [AGE 57]-

.

-22 JULY 1832-

-[NAPOLEON 2] DIES OF [TUBERCULOSIS] IN [VIENNA]-

-AGE 21-

.

-22 FEBRUARY 1848-

-1848 REVOLUTION-

-PARIS DEMONSTRATIONS-

.

-24 FEBRUARY 1848-

-[KING LOUISE PHILIPPE 1] ABDICATES THE [THRONE]-

-[AGE 75]-

-THE [MONARCHY] IS SUBSEQUENTLY [ABOLISHED]-

.

-FRENCH 2ND REPUBLIC-

-[1848] – [1852]-

(4 YEARS)

“NOW WHAT?”

.

-[JACQUES-CHARLES DUPONT DE L’EURE]-

(appointed [president] of the [provisional government])

.

*PRESIDENTS* —>

1

-[LOUIS-NAPOLÉON] BONAPARTE-
(1808 – 1873)

-AKA “NAPOLEON 3”-

“NAPOLEON’S NEPHEW”

(SON OF NAPOLEON’S YOUNGER BROTHER “LOUIS BONAPARTE”)

-SERVED AS “1ST PRESIDENT” OF “2ND REPUBLIC” FROM [1848] – [1852]-

-HE WAS 40-

-HE SERVED [4 YEARS] AS [PRESIDENT]-

.

-FRENCH 2ND EMPIRE-

-[1852] – [1870]-

-18 YEARS-

.

-2 DECEMBER 1852-

-[NAPOLEON 3] DECLARES HIMSELF [EMPEROR]-

-AGE 44-

.

-[FRANCO-PRUSSIAN] WAR-
(1870)

.

-4 SEPTEMBER 1870-

“BATTLE OF SEDAN”

-[PRUSSIA] DEFEATS [FRANCE]-

-[NAPOLEON 3] IS CAPTURED-

-[AGE 62]-

.

-FRENCH 3RD REPUBLIC-

-BEGINS [4 SEPTEMBER 1870]-

-[1870] – [1940]-

-[70 YEARS]-

.

-ADOLPHE THIERS-

(1871 – 1873)

.

-9 JANUARY 1873-

-[NAPOLEON 3] DIES WHILE HELD CAPTIVE IN A [BRITISH CASTLE]-

-[AGE 64]-

.

-PATRICE DE [MAC-MAHON]-

-[1873] – [1879]-

.

-JULES GRÉVY-

-[1879] – [1887]-

.

-SADI CARNOT-

-[1887] – [1894]-

.

-JEAN [CASIMIR-PÉRIER]-

-[1894] – [1895]-

.

-FÉLIX FAURE-

-[1895] – [1899]-

.

-ÉMILE LOUBET-

-[1899] – [1906]-

.

-ARMAND FALLIÈRES-

-[1906] – [1913]-

.

-RAYMOND POINCARÉ-

-[1913] – [1920]-

.

-PAUL DESCHANEL-

-[1920]-

.

-ALEXANDRE MILLERAND-

-[1920] – [1924]-

.

-GASTON DOUMERGUE-

-[1924] – [1931]-

.

-PAUL DOUMER-

-[1931] – [1932]-

.

-ALBERT LEBRUN-

-[1932] – [1940]-

.

-1 SEPTEMBER 1939-

-[GERMANY] INVADES [POLAND] FROM THE [WEST]-

.

-3 SEPTEMBER 1939-

-[GREAT BRITAIN] + [FRANCE] DECLARE WAR ON [GERMANY]-

.

-17 SEPTEMBER 1939-

-THE [SOVIET UNION] INVADES [POLAND] FROM THE [EAST]-

.

-6 OCTOBER 1939-

-[POLAND] SURRENDERS TO [GERMANY]-

.

Fourth Republic (1946–58)

(8 YEARS)

Vincent Auriol

(1947–54)

.

René Coty

(1954–59)

.

Fifth Republic

(1958– )

Charles de Gaulle

(1959–69)

.

Georges Pompidou

(1969–74)

.

Valéry Giscard d’Estaing

(1974–81)

.

François Mitterrand

(1981–95)

.

Jacques Chirac

(1995–2007)

.

Nicolas Sarkozy

(2007–12)

.

-FRANÇOIS HOLLANDE-

(former french president)

(15 may 2012 – 14 may 2017)

.

-EMMANUEL MACRON-

-incumbent-
(as of [1 SEPTEMBER 2025])

(elected on ’14 may 2017′)

.

.

.

***UNDERLINGS***

.

.

*👨‍🔬🕵️‍♀️🙇‍♀️*SKETCHES*🙇‍♂️👩‍🔬🕵️‍♂️*

.

.

👈👈👈☜*“FRANCE”* ☞ 👉👉👉

.

.

💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘

.

.

*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*

.

.

🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥