.
-named by ‘murray gell-mann’ in 1963-
.
********************************************
“1ST GENERATION”
(‘ELECTRONIC’)
“UP”
(+2/3 electric charge)
“DOWN”
(-1/3 electric charge)
********************************************
“2ND GENERATION”
(‘MUONIC’)
“CHARM”
(+2/3 electric charge)
”STRANGE”
(-1/3 electric charge)
********************************************
“3RD GENERATION”
(‘TAUONIC’)
“TOP”
(+2/3 electric charge)
“BOTTOM”
(-1/3 electric charge)
********************************************
.
.
.
/ˈkwɔrk/
or
/ˈkwɑrk/
.
(“quarks” form “hadrons”)
(the ‘proton’ and the ‘neutron’ are the most stable “hadrons”)
“how should i know?”
“you shouldn’t have let him…”
.
-a quark is an ‘elementary particle’ and a ‘fundamental constituent’ of ‘matter’–
.
(‘quarks’ combine to form ‘composite particles’ called ‘hadrons’...)
.
(…the most ‘stable’ of which are ‘protons’ + ‘neutrons’)
(the components of ‘atomic nuclei’)
.
(due to a phenomenon known as color confinement, ‘quarks’ are never ‘directly observed’ or found in ‘isolation’)
.
they can be found only within ‘hadrons’
(such as ‘baryons’)
(think ‘proton’ + ‘neutron’)
.
(…or within ‘mesons’)
.
(for this reason, much of what is known about ‘quarks’ has been drawn from observations of the ‘hadrons’ themselves)
(‘quarks’ have various ‘intrinsic properties’, including ‘electric charge’, ‘mass’, ‘color charge’, and ‘spin’)
(‘quarks’ are the only elementary particles in the ‘standard model of particle physics’ to experience all 4 ‘fundamental interactions’, also known as fundamental forces (‘electromagnetism’, ‘gravitation’, ‘strong interaction’, and ‘weak interaction’), as well as the only known particles whose electric charges are not integer multiples of the ‘elementary charge’)
.
(there are 6 types of ‘quarks’
(known as ‘flavors’)
.
‘UP’
‘DOWN’
.
‘CHARM’
‘STRANGE’
(huh?)
.
‘TOP’
‘BOTTOM’
.
(‘up’ and ‘down’ quarks have the lowest masses of all ‘quarks’)
(the heavier ‘quarks’ rapidly change into ‘up’ and ‘down’ quarks through a process of ‘particle decay’: the transformation from a higher ‘mass state’ to a lower ‘mass state’)
(because of this, ‘up’ and ‘down’ quarks are generally ‘stable’ and the most common in the ‘universe’, whereas ‘strange’, ‘charm’, ‘bottom’, and ‘top’ quarks can only be produced in ‘high energy collisions’ (such as those involving ‘cosmic rays’ and in ‘particle accelerators’))
(for every ‘quark flavor’ there is a corresponding type of ‘antiparticle’ (known as an ‘antiquark’), that differs from the ‘quark’ only in that some of its properties have ‘equal magnitude’ but ‘opposite sign’)
(the ‘quark model’ was independently proposed by physicists ‘murray gell-mann’ and ‘george zweig’ in 1964)
(‘quarks’ were introduced as parts of an ordering scheme for ‘hadrons’, and there was little evidence for their physical existence until deep inelastic scattering experiments at the ‘stanford linear accelerator center’ in ‘1968’)
(‘accelerator experiments’ have provided evidence for all 6 ‘flavors’)
(the ‘top’ quark was the last to be discovered at ‘fermilab’ in ‘1995’)
“now what?”
(just keep trying to ‘break it all down to a point with infinite mass / density)
(back to the ‘big bang’ so to speak)
(hint: “like tangent lines, you’ll never arrive at your ‘intended destination’)
.
.
*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
.
.
.
.
.
💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
.
.
*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
.
.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥