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*FIRE SONGS*
“FIVEFIVEFIVE”
“FIREMAN’S CARRY
“FIREWORKS”
“THE FIRE”
“BOZO”
“HELLS ANGELS”
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(often unofficially referred to as Smokey the Bear, also simply referred to as Smokey) is a mascot of the United States Forest Service created to educate the public about the dangers of forest fires.
An advertising campaign featuring Smokey was created in 1944 with the slogan, “Smokey Says β Care Will Prevent 9 out of 10 Forest Fires”.
Smokey Bear’s later slogan, “Remember… Only YOU Can Prevent Forest Fires”, was created in 1947 by the Ad Council.
In April 2001, the message was updated to “Only You Can Prevent Wildfires”.
According to the Ad Council, Smokey Bear and his message are recognized by 95% of adults and 77% of children in the U.S.
Smokey’s correct name is Smokey Bear.
In 1952, the songwriters Steve Nelson and Jack Rollins had a successful song named “Smokey the Bear”.
The pair said that “the” was added to Smokey’s name to keep the song’s rhythm.
This small change has caused some confusion among the public ever since.
Note that, from the beginning, Smokey’s name was intentionally spelled differently from the adjective smoky.
The Forest Service emphatically denies that the name was ever “Smokey the Bear”
however, during the 1950s, that variant of the name became widespread both in popular speech and in print, including at least one standard encyclopedia.
A 1955 book in the Little Golden Books series was called Smokey the Bear and Smokey calls himself by this name in the book.
The campaign to remind the public of the correct version of the name is almost as old as the Smokey Bear campaign itself.
The fictional character Smokey Bear is administered by three entities:
the United States Forest Service,
the National Association of State Foresters,
and the Ad Council.
(Smokey Bear’s name and image are protected by U.S. federal law, the Smokey Bear Act of 1952 (16 U.S.C. 580 (p-2); 18 U.S.C. 711)
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“FIRE PREVENTION DAY”
(OCTOBER 9TH)
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(“fire” is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products)
(slower oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition)
(fire is hot because the conversion of the weak double bond in molecular oxygen, O2, to the stronger bonds in the combustion products carbon dioxide and water releases energy (418 kJ per 32 g of O2); the bond energies of the fuel play only a minor role here)
(at a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are produced)
(the flame is the visible portion of the fire)
(flames consist primarily of carbon dioxide, water vapor, oxygen, and nitrogen)
(if hot enough, the gases may become ionized to produce ‘plasma’)
(depending on the substances alight, and any impurities outside, the color of the flame and the fire’s intensity will be different)
(fire in its most common form can result in conflagration, which has the potential to cause physical damage through burning)
(fire is an important process that affects ecological systems around the globe)
(the positive effects of fire include stimulating growth and maintaining various ecological systems)
(the negative effects of fire include hazard to life and property, atmospheric pollution, and water contamination)
(if fire removes protective vegetation, heavy rainfall may lead to an increase in soil erosion by water)
(also, when vegetation is burned, the nitrogen it contains is released into the atmosphere, unlike elements such as potassium and phosphorus which remain in the ash and are quickly recycled into the soil)
(this loss of nitrogen caused by a fire produces a long-term reduction in the fertility of the soil, which only slowly recovers as nitrogen is “fixed” from the atmosphere by lightning and by leguminous plants such as ‘clover’)
(‘fire’ has been used by humans in rituals, in agriculture for clearing land, for cooking, generating heat and light, for signaling, propulsion purposes, smelting, forging, incineration of waste, cremation, and as a weapon or ‘mode of destruction’)
(a conflagration is a large and destructive fire that threatens human life, animal life, health, and/or property)
(it may also be described as a blaze or simply a (large) “fire”)
(a conflagration can begin accidentally, be naturally caused (wildfire), or intentionally created (‘arson’))
(‘arson’ can be for ‘fraud’, ‘murder’, ‘sabotage’, or ‘diversion’, or due to a person’s ‘pyromania’)
(a very large fire can produce a firestorm, in which the central column of rising heated air induces strong inward winds, which supply oxygen to the fire)
(‘conflagrations’ can cause casualties including deaths or injuries from burns, trauma due to collapse of structures and attempts to escape, and ‘smoke inhalation’)
(firefighting is the practice of attempting to extinguish a conflagration, protect life and property, and minimize damage and injury)
(one of the goals of fire prevention is to avoid conflagrations)
(when a conflagration is extinguished, there is often a fire investigation to determine the cause of the ‘fire’)
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πππβ*βNATURAL DISASTERSβ* β πππ
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*πβ¨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* β¨π·*
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π₯π₯π₯π₯π₯π₯*we won the war* π₯π₯π₯π₯π₯π₯