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“DATA COMPRESSION”
“the wiki-standard”
“BIT-RATE REDUCTION”
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*in ‘signal processing’, data compression involves encoding ‘information’ using fewer ‘bits’ than the ‘original representation’*
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(compression can be either “lossy” or “lossless”)
Lossless compression reduces bits by identifying and eliminating statistical redundancy.
No information is lost in lossless compression.
Lossy compression reduces bits by removing unnecessary or less important information.
The process of reducing the size of a data file is referred to as “data compression”.
In the context of data transmission, it is called “source coding”
(encoding done at the source of the data before it is stored or transmitted) in opposition to “channel coding”
Compression is useful because it reduces resources required to store and transmit data.
Computational resources are consumed in the compression process and, usually, in the reversal of the process (decompression).
Data compression is subject to a spaceβtime complexity trade-off. For instance, a compression scheme for video may require expensive hardware for the video to be decompressed fast enough to be viewed as it is being decompressed, and the option to decompress the video in full before watching it may be inconvenient or require additional storage.
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(the design of data compression schemes involves trade-offs among various factors, including
the degree of compression,
the amount of distortion introduced (when using lossy data compression),
and the computational resources required to compress and decompress the data)
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