.
********************************************
********************************************
********************************************
********************************************
.
(‘1883’ – ‘1945’)
(‘father’ was a ‘blacksmith’ / ‘anarchist activist’)
(‘mother’ was ‘devout catholic schoolteacher’)
(named ‘benito’ after ‘mexican reformist president’)
(eldest of 3 children)
(mussolini was not baptized until much later in life)
(at behest of mother, mussolini sent to a boarding school run by salesian monks)
Mussolini was rebellious and was soon expelled after a series of behaviour related incidents, including throwing stones at the congregation after Mass, stabbing a fellow student in the hand and throwing an inkpot at a teacher.
After joining a new school, Mussolini achieved good grades, and qualified as an elementary schoolmaster in 1901
(Mussolini is 18 years old)
In 1902, Mussolini emigrated to Switzerland, partly to avoid military service.
He worked briefly in Geneva, Fribourg and Bern as a stone mason, but was unable to find a permanent job in Switzerland
(studied Nietzsche)
(italian socialist movement in switzerland)
(in 1903 arrested by bermese police for advocating violent strike)
(spent two weeks in jail)
(deported to italy)
(set free)
(went right back to switzerland)
(1904)
(arrested for falsifying his papers)
(in the meantime, from about 1911 until 1938, Mussolini had various affairs with the Jewish author and academic “Margherita Sarfatti”, called the “Jewish Mother of Fascism” at the time)
(3 years older than Mussolini)
(daughter of wealthy jewish lawyer in venice)
(however, she was soon attracted by socialist ideas and escaped her parents’ home at age 18 by marrying ‘Cesare Sarfatti’, a lawyer from Padua many years her senior)
In 1902 the couple moved to Milan
(1914)
(invented fascism at age 31)
Mussolini became an ally with the irredentist politician and journalist Cesare Battisti, and like him he entered the Army and served in the war.
“he was sent to the ‘zone of operations’ where he was seriously injured by the explosion of a grenade”
The inspector continues:
“He was promoted to the rank of corporal “for merit in war”
(“the promotion was recommended because of his exemplary conduct and fighting quality, his mental calmness and lack of concern for discomfort, his zeal and regularity in carrying out his assignments, where he was always first in every task involving labor and fortitude”)
(Mussolini’s military experience is told in his work “Diario Di Guerra”)
Overall, he totalled about nine months of active, front-line trench warfare.
During this time, he contracted paratyphoid fever.
His military exploits ended in 1917 when he was wounded accidentally by the explosion of a mortar bomb in his trench.
(much like hitler)
(he was left with at least 40 shards of metal in his body )
(he was discharged from the hospital in August 1917 and resumed his editor-in-chief position at his new paper, “Il Popolo d’Italia”)
(he wrote there positive articles about ‘Czechoslovak Legions’ in ‘Italy’)
On 25 December 1915, in Trevalglio, he contracted a marriage with his fellow countrywoman Rachele Guidi, who had already born him a daughter, Edda, at Forli in 1910.
In 1915, he had a son with Ida Dalser, a woman born in Sopramonte, a village near Trento.
He legally recognized this son on 11 January 1916
(the “March on Rome” was a coup d’état by which Mussolini’s National Fascist Party came to power in Italy and ousted Prime Minister “Luigi Facta”)
The “march” took place in 1922 between 27–29 October.
On 28 October King Victor Emmanuel III refused his support to Facta and handed over power to Mussolini.
Mussolini was supported by the military, the business class, and the liberal right-wing
(1926)
(assassination attempt by 50-year-old irish woman violet gibson)
anteo zamboni
(boy anarchist)
(attempted an assassination of mussolini in 1926)
(lynched at age 15)
The relationship between Mussolini and Adolf Hitler was a contentious one early on.
(while Hitler cited Mussolini as an influence, Mussolini had little regard for Hitler, especially after the Nazis had assassinated his friend and ally, ‘Engelbert Dollfuss’ the austrofascist dictator of Austria in 1933)
‘second italo-abyssinian war’
In an effort to realise an Italian Empire or the “New Roman Empire” as supporters called it, Italy set its sights on Ethiopia with an invasion that was carried out rapidly.
Italy’s forces were far superior to the Abyssinian forces, especially in regards to air power and were soon declared victors.
(“Emperor Haile Selassie” was forced to flee the country, with Italy entering the capital “Addis Ababa” to proclaim an Empire by May 1936, making Ethiopia part of “Italian East Africa”)
Although all of the major European powers of the time had also colonised parts of Africa and committed atrocities in their colonies, the “scramble for africa” had finished by the beginning of the twentieth century.
The international mood was now against colonialist expansion and Italy’s actions were condemned.
(retroactively, Italy was criticised for its use of “mustard gas” and “phosgene” against its enemies and also for its zero tolerance approach to enemy guerrillas, allegedly authorised by ‘Mussolini’)
27 april 1945
allied forces closing in on Milan
They spent their last night in the house of the De Maria family
The next day, Mussolini and Petacci were both summarily executed, along with most of the members of their 15-man train, primarily ministers and officials of the Italian Social Republic
clara petacci:
(mussolini’s mistress)
The shootings took place in the small village of Giulino di Mezzegra.
(according to the official version of events, the shootings were conducted by “Colonel Valerio” (Colonnello Valerio))
Valerio’s real name was Walter Audisio.
Audisio was the communist partisan commander who was reportedly given the order to kill Mussolini by the National Liberation Committee.
(when Audisio entered the room where Mussolini and the other fascists were being held, he reportedly announced: “I have come to rescue you!… Do you have any weapons?”)
He then had them loaded into transports and driven a short distance.
Audisio ordered “get down”; Petacci hugged Mussolini and refused to move away from him when they were taken to an empty space.
Shots were fired and Petacci fell down.
(just then Mussolini opened his jacket and screamed “Shoot me in the chest!”)
Audisio shot him in the chest. Mussolini fell down but he did not die; he was breathing heavily. Audisio went near and he shot one more bullet in his chest.
Mussolini’s face looked as if he had significant pain.
(‘Audisio’ said to his driver “Look at his face, the emotions on his face don’t suit him”)
The other members were also lined up before a firing squad later the same night
On 29 April 1945, the bodies of Mussolini, Petacci, and the other executed Fascists were loaded into a moving van and trucked south to Milan.
There, at 3 a.m., they were dumped on the ground in the old Piazza Loreto.
The piazza had been renamed “Piazza Quindici Martiri” in honor of 15 anti-Fascists recently executed there
After being shot, kicked, and spat upon, the bodies were hung upside down on meathooks from the roof of a gas station.
The bodies were then stoned by civilians from below.
This was done both to discourage any Fascists from continuing the fight and as an act of revenge for the hanging of many partisans in the same place by Axis authorities.
The corpse of the deposed leader became subject to ridicule and abuse.
Fascist loyalist Achille Starace was captured and sentenced to death and then taken to the Piazzale Loreto and shown the body of Mussolini.
Starace, who once said of Mussolini “He is a God”, saluted what was left of his leader just before he was shot.
The body of Starace was subsequently strung up next to the body of Mussolini.
After his death and the display of his corpse in Milan, Mussolini was buried in an unmarked grave in Musocco, the municipal cemetery to the north of the city.
On Easter Sunday 1946 his body was located and dug up by Domenico Leccisi and two other neo-Fascists.
making off with their hero, they left a message on the open grave:
“Finally, O Duce, you are with us. We will cover you with roses, but the smell of your virtue will overpower the smell of those roses”
“ha! what fucking delusional pansies!”
(on the loose for months—and a cause of great anxiety to the new Italian democracy—the Duce’s body was finally ‘recaptured’ in August, hidden in a small trunk at the “Certosa di Pavia”, just outside ‘Milan’)
(2 Fransciscan brothers were subsequently charged with concealing the corpse, though it was discovered on further investigation that it had been constantly on the move)
(unsure what to do, the authorities held the remains in a kind of political limbo for 10 years, before agreeing to allow them to be re-interred at ‘Predappio’ in ‘Romagna’, his birth place, after a campaign headed by Leccisi and the “Movimento Sociale Italiano”)
(“Leccisi”, a fascist deputy, went on to write his autobiography, “With Mussolini Before and After Piazzale Loreto”)
(“Adone Zoli”, the Prime Minister of the day, contacted “Donna Rachele”, the former dictator’s widow, to tell her he was returning the remains, as he needed the support of the far-right in parliament, including Leccisi himself)
(in ‘Predappio’ the dictator was buried in a crypt (the only posthumous honour granted to Mussolini))
(his tomb is flanked by fasces and a large idealised marble bust of himself sits above the tomb)
(“Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini” (/bəˈniːtoʊ mʊsəˈliːniː/; Italian pronunciation: [beˈniːto mussoˈliːni];[1] 29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist and leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista; PNF), ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 to 1943—constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a ‘legal dictatorship’)
(known as Il Duce (“The Leader”), Mussolini was the founder of ‘Italian Fascism’)
In 1912, Mussolini was a leading member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but was expelled from the PSI for advocating military intervention in World War I, in opposition to the party’s stance on neutrality.
Mussolini served in the Royal Italian Army during the war until he was wounded and discharged in 1917.
Mussolini denounced the PSI, his views now centering on nationalism instead of socialism and later founded the fascist movement which came to oppose ‘egalitarianism’ and class conflict, instead advocating revolutionary nationalism transcending class lines.
(following the ‘March on Rome’ in October 1922, Mussolini became the youngest Prime Minister in Italian history until the appointment of Matteo Renzi in ‘February 2014’)
After removing all political opposition through his secret police and outlawing labor strikes, Mussolini and his followers consolidated their power through a series of laws that transformed the nation into a one-party dictatorship.
Within five years, Mussolini had established dictatorial authority by both legal and extraordinary means and aspired to create a totalitarian state.
(Mussolini remained in power until he was deposed by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1943, but a few months later he became the leader of the Italian Social Republic, a German client regime in northern Italy – Mussolini held this post until his death in 1945)
Mussolini had sought to delay a major war in Europe until at least 1942,but Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939.
This resulted in declarations of war by France and the UK and the start of World War II.
(on ’10 June 1940’—with the ‘Fall of France’ imminent—Italy officially entered the war on the side of Germany, though he was aware that Italy did not have the military capacity and resources to carry out a long war with the ‘British Empire’)
Mussolini believed that after the imminent French armistice, Italy could gain territorial concessions from France and then he could concentrate his forces on a major offensive in North Africa, where British and Commonwealth forces were outnumbered by Italian forces.
However, the UK government refused to accept proposals for a peace that would involve accepting Axis victories in Eastern and Western Europe, plans for an invasion of the UK did not proceed and the war continued.
In the summer of 1941, Mussolini sent Italian forces to participate in the invasion of the Soviet Union and war with the United States followed in December.
The Allies invaded Sicily on 24 July 1943.
That same day, Mussolini was deposed by the Grand Council of Fascism, who motioned of no confidence towards Mussolini, while the King dismissed and arrested him the following day.
On 12 September 1943, Mussolini was rescued from prison in the Gran Sasso raid by German special forces.
(in late ‘april 1945’, in the wake of near total defeat, ‘mussolini’ and his mistress ‘clara petacci’ attempted to flee to ‘switzerland’, but both were captured by ‘italian communists’ and summarily executed by ‘firing squad’)
(his body was then taken to ‘milan’, where it was hung upside down at a ‘service station’ to publicly confirm his ‘demise’)
benito mussolini:
(1883 – 1945)
(father was a blacksmith and anarchist activist)
(mother was devout catholic schoolteacher)
(named ‘benito’ after mexican reformist president)
(eldest of 3 children)
(mussolini was not baptized until much later in life)
(at behest of mother, mussolini sent to a boarding school run by salesian monks)
Mussolini was rebellious and was soon expelled after a series of behaviour related incidents, including throwing stones at the congregation after Mass, stabbing a fellow student in the hand and throwing an inkpot at a teacher. After joining a new school, Mussolini achieved good grades, and qualified as an elementary schoolmaster in 1901
(Mussolini is 18 years old)
In 1902, Mussolini emigrated to Switzerland, partly to avoid military service. He worked briefly in Geneva, Fribourg and Bern as a stone mason, but was unable to find a permanent job in Switzerland
(studied Nietzsche)
(italian socialist movement in switzerland)
(in 1903 arrested by bermese police for advocating violent strike)
(spent two weeks in jail)
(deported to italy)
(set free)
(went right back to switzerland)
(1904)
(arrested for falsifying his papers)
In the meantime, from about 1911 until 1938, Mussolini had various HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affairs” \o “Affairs” affairs with the HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jews” \o “Jews” Jewish author and academic HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margherita_Sarfatti” \o “Margherita Sarfatti” Margherita Sarfatti, called the “Jewish Mother of Fascism” at the time
(3 years older than Mussolini)
(daughter of wealthy jewish lawyer in Venice)
However, she was soon attracted by socialist ideas and escaped her parents’ home at age 18 by marrying Cesare Sarfatti, a lawyer from Padua many years her senior. In 1902 the couple moved to Milan
(1914)
(invented fascism at age 31)
Mussolini became an ally with the HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irredentism” \o “Irredentism” irredentist politician and journalist HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare_Battisti_%28politician%29” \o “Cesare Battisti (politician)” Cesare Battisti, and like him he entered the Army and served in the war. “He was sent to the zone of operations where he was seriously injured by the explosion of a grenade.” HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-Mediterranean4-18” [19]
The inspector continues:
“He was promoted to the rank of corporal “for merit in war.” The promotion was recommended because of his exemplary conduct and fighting quality, his mental calmness and lack of concern for discomfort, his zeal and regularity in carrying out his assignments, where he was always first in every task involving labor and fortitude.” HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-Mediterranean4-18” [19]
Mussolini’s military experience is told in his work Diario Di Guerra. Overall, he totalled about nine months of active, front-line trench warfare. During this time, he contracted HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paratyphoid_fever” \o “Paratyphoid fever” paratyphoid fever. HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-kirkpatrick-40” [41] His military exploits ended in 1917 when he was wounded accidentally by the explosion of a mortar bomb in his trench. He was left with at least 40 shards of metal in his body HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-kirkpatrick-40” [41] He was discharged from the hospital in August 1917 and resumed his editor-in-chief position at his new paper, Il Popolo d’Italia. He wrote there positive articles about HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechoslovak_Legions” \o “Czechoslovak Legions” Czechoslovak Legions in Italy.
On 25 December 1915, in Trevalglio, he contracted a marriage with his fellow countrywoman Rachele Guidi, who had already born him a daughter, Edda, at Forli in 1910. In 1915, he had a son with HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ida_Dalser” \o “Ida Dalser” Ida Dalser, a woman born in Sopramonte, a village near Trento. HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-Grolier_encyclopedia-5” [6] HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-Living_History_2-6” [7] HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-timeswife-41” [42] He legally recognized this son on 11 January 1916
The March on Rome was a coup d’état by which Mussolini’s National Fascist Party came to power in Italy and ousted Prime Minister Luigi Facta. The “march” took place in 1922 between 27–29 October. On 28 October King Victor Emmanuel III refused his support to Facta and handed over power to Mussolini. Mussolini was supported by the military, the business class, and the liberal right-wing
(1926)
(assassination attempt by 50-year-old irish woman violet gibson)
anteo zamboni
(boy anarchist)
(attempted an assassination of mussolini in 1926)
(lynched at age 15)
.
The relationship between Mussolini and Adolf Hitler was a contentious one early on. While Hitler cited Mussolini as an influence, Mussolini had little regard for Hitler, especially after the Nazis had assassinated his friend and ally, HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelbert_Dollfuss” \o “Engelbert Dollfuss” Engelbert Dollfuss the HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrofascist” \o “Austrofascist” Austrofascist dictator of Austria in 1933
‘second italo-abyssinian war’
In an effort to realise an HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Empire” \o “Italian Empire” Italian Empire or the HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Roman_Empire” \o “New Roman Empire” New Roman Empire as supporters called it, HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-63” [64] Italy set its sights on HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire” \o “Ethiopian Empire” Ethiopia with an invasion that was carried out rapidly. Italy’s forces were far superior to the Abyssinian forces, especially in regards to air power and were soon HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Italo-Abyssinian_War” \o “Second Italo-Abyssinian War” declared victors. Emperor HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haile_Selassie” \o “Haile Selassie” Haile Selassie was forced to flee the country, with Italy entering the capital HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addis_Ababa” \o “Addis Ababa” Addis Ababa to proclaim an Empire by May 1936, making Ethiopia part of Italian East Africa
Although all of the major European powers of the time had also colonised parts of Africa and committed atrocities in their colonies, the HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa” \o “Scramble for Africa” Scramble for Africa had finished by the beginning of the twentieth century. The international mood was now against colonialist expansion and Italy’s actions were condemned. Retroactively, Italy was criticised for its use of HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustard_gas” \o “Mustard gas” mustard gas and HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosgene” \o “Phosgene” phosgene against its enemies and also for its zero tolerance approach to enemy guerrillas, allegedly authorised by Mussolini
27 april 1945
allied forces closing in on Milan
They spent their last night in the house of the De Maria family
The next day, Mussolini and Petacci were both summarily executed, along with most of the members of their 15-man train, primarily ministers and officials of the Italian Social Republic
clara petacci:
(mussolini’s mistress)
The shootings took place in the small village of Giulino di Mezzegra. According to the official version of events, the shootings were conducted by “Colonel Valerio” (Colonnello Valerio). Valerio’s real name was Walter Audisio. Audisio was the communist partisan commander who was reportedly given the order to kill Mussolini by the National Liberation Committee. When Audisio entered the room where Mussolini and the other fascists were being held, he reportedly announced: “I have come to rescue you!… Do you have any weapons?”
He then had them loaded into transports and driven a short distance. Audisio ordered “get down”; Petacci hugged Mussolini and refused to move away from him when they were taken to an empty space. Shots were fired and Petacci fell down. Just then Mussolini opened his jacket and screamed “Shoot me in the chest!”. Audisio shot him in the chest. Mussolini fell down but he did not die; he was breathing heavily. Audisio went near and he shot one more bullet in his chest. Mussolini’s face looked as if he had significant pain. Audisio said to his driver “Look at his face, the emotions on his face don’t suit him.” The other members were also lined up before a firing squad later the same night
On 29 April 1945, the bodies of Mussolini, Petacci, and the other executed Fascists were loaded into a moving van and trucked south to Milan. There, at 3 a.m., they were dumped on the ground in the old Piazza Loreto. The piazza had been renamed “Piazza Quindici Martiri” in honor of 15 anti-Fascists recently executed there
After being shot, kicked, and spat upon, the bodies were hung upside down on meathooks from the roof of a gas station. The bodies were then stoned by civilians from below. This was done both to discourage any Fascists from continuing the fight and as an act of revenge for the hanging of many partisans in the same place by Axis authorities. The corpse of the deposed leader became subject to ridicule and abuse. HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascist” \o “Fascist” Fascist loyalist HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achille_Starace” \o “Achille Starace” Achille Starace was captured and sentenced to death and then taken to the Piazzale Loreto and shown the body of Mussolini. Starace, who once said of Mussolini “He is a God”, HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mussolini” \l “cite_note-108” [109] saluted what was left of his leader just before he was shot. The body of Starace was subsequently strung up next to the body of Mussolini.
After his death and the display of his corpse in Milan, Mussolini was buried in an unmarked grave in HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musocco” \o “Musocco” Musocco, the municipal cemetery to the north of the city. On HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Sunday” \o “Easter Sunday” Easter Sunday 1946 his body was located and dug up by HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_Leccisi” \o “Domenico Leccisi” Domenico Leccisi and two other HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-fascism” \o “Neo-fascism” neo-Fascists. Making off with their hero, they left a message on the open grave: “Finally, O Duce, you are with us. We will cover you with roses, but the smell of your virtue will overpower the smell of those roses.”[ HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed” \o “Wikipedia:Citation needed” citation needed]
On the loose for months—and a cause of great anxiety to the new Italian democracy—the Duce’s body was finally ‘recaptured’ in August, hidden in a small trunk at the HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certosa_di_Pavia” \o “Certosa di Pavia” Certosa di Pavia, just outside Milan. Two HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscan_Order” \o “Franciscan Order” Fransciscan brothers were subsequently charged with concealing the corpse, though it was discovered on further investigation that it had been constantly on the move. Unsure what to do, the authorities held the remains in a kind of political limbo for 10 years, before agreeing to allow them to be re-interred at HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predappio” \o “Predappio” Predappio in HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romagna” \o “Romagna” Romagna, his birth place, after a campaign headed by Leccisi and the Movimento Sociale Italiano.[ HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed” \o “Wikipedia:Citation needed” citation needed]
Leccisi, a fascist deputy, went on to write his autobiography, With Mussolini Before and After Piazzale Loreto. HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adone_Zoli” \o “Adone Zoli” Adone Zoli, the Prime Minister of the day, contacted HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachele_Mussolini” \o “Rachele Mussolini” Donna Rachele, the former dictator’s widow, to tell her he was returning the remains, as he needed the support of the far-right in parliament, including Leccisi himself. In Predappio the dictator was buried in a crypt (the only posthumous honour granted to Mussolini). His tomb is flanked by HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble” \o “Marble” marble HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasces” \o “Fasces” fasces
and a large idealised marble bust of himself sits above the tomb
.
.
*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
.
.
.
.
.
.
💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
.
.
*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
.
.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥