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-as of [21 OCTOBER 2024]–
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*SIMPLILEARN*
*official link*
*wiki-link*
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*2020*
*TOP 12*
1
*PYTHON*
2
*JAVA*
3
*JAVASCRIPT* / *TYPESCRIPT*
4
*SWIFT*
5
*C#*
6
*C* / *C++*
7
*RUBY*
8
*SCALA*
9
ELM
10
RUST
11
KOTLIN
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12
“JULIA”
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*EMPTY SPACE INSERTS*
*WP LINK*
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*TUTORIALS* –>
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*a programming language is a ‘formal language’ that specifies a set of ‘instructions’ that can be used to produce various kinds of ‘output’*
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(‘programming languages’ generally consist of instructions for a ‘computer’)
(‘programming languages’ can be used to create ‘programs’ that implement specific ‘algorithms’)
(the earliest known ‘programmable machine’ preceded the invention of the ‘digital computer’ was the ‘automatic flute player’ described in ‘the 800s’ by the ‘brothers musa’ in ‘baghdad’)
(during the ‘islamic golden age’)
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(from the early 1800s, “programs” were used to direct the ‘behavior’ of ‘machines’ such as ‘jacquard looms’ + ‘player pianos’)
(thousands of different ‘programming languages’ have been created, mainly in the ‘computer field’, and many more still are being created every year)
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(many ‘programming languages’ require ‘computation’ to be specified in an ‘imperative form’ (i.e., as a “sequence of operations to perform”…)
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(…while other ‘languages’ use other ‘forms’ of ‘program specification’ such as the ‘declarative form’ (i.e. “the desired result is specified, not how to achieve it”))
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(the description of a ‘programming language’ is usually split into the 2 components of ‘syntax’ (aka ‘form’) and ‘semantics’ (aka ‘meaning’))
(some ‘languages’ are defined by a specification document (for example, the ‘C’ programming language is specified by an ‘ISO Standard’) while other ‘languages’ (such as ‘perl’) have a dominant implementation that is treated as a ‘reference’)
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(some ‘languages’ have both, with the ‘basic language’ defined by a ‘standard’ + ‘extensions’ taken from the ‘dominant implementation’ being common)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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👈👈👈☜*-COMPUTER PROGRAMS-* ☞ 👉👉👉
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥