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(Arabic: عبد الملك بن مروان ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān, ‘646’ – ‘8 october 705’)
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*”Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan” was the ‘5th umayyad caliph’*
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(he was born in (‘medina’ / ‘hejaz’))
(‘Abd al-Malik’ was a well-educated man and capable ruler who was able to solve many political problems that impeded his rule)
(the 14th-century Muslim historian Ibn Khaldun stated that “‘abd al-Malik ibn Marwan’ is one of the greatest arab and muslim ‘caliphs'”)
(“he followed in the footsteps of `Umar ibn al-Khattab, the Commander of the Believers, in regulating ‘state affairs'”)
(during his reign, all important records were translated into ‘arabic’, and for the first time, a special currency for the Muslim world was minted, which led to war with the ‘Byzantine Empire’ under ‘justinian II’)
(the ‘byzantines’ were led by ‘Leontios’ at the ‘Battle of Sebastopolis’ in 692 in ‘Asia Minor’ and were decisively defeated by ‘al-Malik’ after the defection of a large contingent of ‘slavs’)
(the ‘islamic currency’ was then made the only currency of exchange in the ‘muslim world’)
(also, many reforms happened in his time relating to ‘agriculture’ and ‘commerce’)
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(‘Al-Malik’ extended and consolidated ‘muslim rule’, made ‘arabic’ the ‘state language’ and organized a ‘regular postal service’)
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👈👈👈 ☜ *“MARWAN 1”*
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*“AL-WALID 1”* ☞ 👉👉👉
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👈👈👈☜*“THE UMAYYAD CALIPHATE”* ☞ 👉👉👉
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥