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*as of ‘26 OCTOBER 2023’*
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(i/ˈɒstriə, ˈɔː-/; german: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen))
officially the republic of austria
(german: Republik Österreich)
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*’austria’ is a ‘federal republic’ and a ‘landlocked country’ of over 8.66 million people in ‘central europe’*
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(it is bordered by the czech republic and germany to the north, hungary and slovakia to the east, slovenia and italy to the south, and switzerland and liechtenstein to the west)
(the territory of ‘austria’ covers 83,879 square kilometres (32,386 sq mi))
(the terrain is highly mountainous, lying within the ‘alps’; only 32% of the country is below 500 meters (1,640 feet), and its highest point is 3,798 meters (12,461 feet))
(the majority of the population speak local ‘bavarian dialects’ of the ‘german language’ as their ‘native language’, and ‘austrian german’ in its standard form is the country’s official language)
(other local official languages are ‘hungarian’, ‘burgenland croatian’, and ‘slovene’)
(the origins of modern-day ‘austria’ date back to the time of the ‘habsburg dynasty’ when the vast majority of the country was a part of the ‘holy roman empire’)
(from the time of the ‘reformation’, many ‘northern german princes’, resenting the authority of the ’emperor’, used ‘protestantism’ as a ‘flag of rebellion’)
(the ’30 years war’, the influence of the ‘kingdom of sweden’ and ‘kingdom of france’, the rise of the ‘kingdom of prussia’, and the ‘napoleonic invasions’ all weakened the power of the ’emperor’ in the ‘north’ of ‘germany’, but in the ‘south’, and in non-german areas of the ’empire’, the ’emperor’ and ‘catholicism’ maintained control)
(during the 17th and 18th centuries, ‘austria’ was able to retain its position as one of the great powers of ‘europe’ and, in response to the coronation of ‘napoleon’ as the ’emperor of the french’, the ‘austrian empire’ was officially proclaimed in ‘1804’)
(following napoleon’s defeat, ‘prussia’ emerged as austria’s chief competitor for rule of a larger ‘germany’)
(austria’s defeat by ‘prussia’ at the ‘battle of königgrätz’, during the ‘austro-prussian war of 1866’, cleared the way for ‘prussia’ to assert control over the rest of ‘germany’)
(in 1867, the empire was reformed into ‘austria-hungary’)
(after the defeat of ‘france’ in the ‘1870 franco-prussian war’, ‘austria’ was left out of the formation of a new ‘german empire’, although in the following decades its politics, and its foreign policy, increasingly converged with those of the prussian-led ’empire’)
(during the ‘1914 july crisis’ that followed the assassination of ‘archduke franz ferdinand’ of ‘austria’, ‘germany’ guided ‘austria’ in issuing the ultimatum to ‘serbia’ that led to the declaration of ‘world war I’)
(after the collapse of the ‘habsburg (aka ‘austro-hungarian’) empire’ in ‘1918’ at the end of ‘world war I’, ‘austria’ adopted and used the name the ‘republic of german-austria’ (Deutschösterreich, later Österreich) in an attempt for union with ‘germany’, but was forbidden due to the ‘treaty of saint-germain-en-laye’ (1919))
(the ‘first austrian republic’ was established in ‘1919’)
(in the ‘1938 anschluss’, ‘austria’ was ‘occupied’ and ‘annexed’ by ‘nazi germany’)
(this lasted until the end of ‘world war II’ in ‘1945’, after which ‘germany’ was occupied by the ‘allies’ and austria’s former ‘democratic constitution’ was restored)
(in 1955, the “austrian state treaty” re-established ‘austria’ as a ‘sovereign state’, ending the ‘occupation’)
(in the same year, the ‘austrian parliament’ created the ‘declaration of neutrality’ which declared that the ‘second austrian republic’ would become ‘permanently neutral’)
(today, ‘austria’ is a ‘parliamentary representative democracy’ comprising 9 ‘federal states’)
(the ‘capital’ and ‘largest city’ (with a population exceeding 1.7 million) is ‘vienna’)
(‘austria’ is one of the richest countries in the world, with a ‘nominal per capita GDP’ of $43,546)
(the country has developed a high ‘standard of living’ and in ‘2014’ was ranked 21st in the world for its ‘human development index’)
(‘austria’ has been a member of the ‘united nations’ since ‘1955’, joined the ‘european union’ in 1995, and is a founder of the ‘OECD’)
(‘austria’ also signed the “schengen agreement” in 1995, and adopted the “euro” currency in 1999)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥