"f layer"*earth's ionosphere*

(from ‘inner’ to ‘outer’…)

*F1 LAYER*

*F2 LAYER*

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*the f region of the ‘ionosphere’ is home to the ‘F layer’ of ionization, also called the Appleton–Barnett layer, after the english physicist ‘Edward Appleton’ and new zealander ‘miles barnett’*

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(as with other ionospheric sectors, ‘layer’ implies a concentration of plasma, while ‘region’ is the volume that contains the said layer)

(the ‘F region’ contains ‘ionized gases’ at a height of around 150–800 km above sea level, placing it in the earth’s thermosphere, a hot region in the upper atmosphere, and also in the heterosphere, where chemical composition varies with height)

(generally speaking, the F region has the highest concentration of free electrons and ions anywhere in the atmosphere)

(it may be thought of as comprising two layers, the ‘F1’ and ‘F2’ layers)

(the ‘F-region’ is located directly above the ‘E region’ (formerly the ‘Kennelly-Heaviside’ layer) and below the ‘protonosphere’)

(it acts as a dependable reflector of radio signals as it is not affected by atmospheric conditions, although its ionic composition varies with the ‘sunspot cycle’)

(it reflects ‘normal-incident frequencies’ at or below the critical frequency (approximately 10 MHz) and partially absorbs waves of ‘higher frequency’)

(the ‘F region’ is the region of the ionosphere which is very important for ‘HF radio wave propagation’)

(this ‘F region’ is very anomalous in nature)

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👈👈👈 ☜ *”Es LAYER”*

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*👨‍🔬🕵️‍♀️🙇‍♀️*SKETCHES*🙇‍♂️👩‍🔬🕵️‍♂️*

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📚📖|/\-*WIKI-LINK*-/\|📖📚

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👈👈👈☜*“THE 4 LAYERS OF EARTH’S IONOSPHERE”* ☞ 👉👉👉

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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘

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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*

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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥