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/hɒˈmɪnᵻdiː/
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(the hominidae – whose members are known as great apes or hominids – are a taxonomic family of ‘primates’ that includes 7 extant species in 4 genera…)
Pongo
(the ‘Bornean’ and ‘Sumatran’ orangutan)
Gorilla
(the eastern and western gorilla)
Pan
(the common chimpanzee and the bonobo)
Homo
(the human (and though not extant, the near-human ancestors and relatives (e.g., the ‘Neanderthal’)))
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(several revisions in classifying the ‘great apes’ have caused the use of the term “hominid” to vary over time)
(its original meaning referred only to ‘humans’ (Homo) and their closest non-extant relatives)
(that restrictive meaning has now been largely assumed by the term “hominin”, which comprises all members of the human clade after the split from the ‘chimpanzees’ (Pan))
(the current, 21st-century meaning of “hominid” refers to all the ‘great apes’ including ‘humans’)
(usage still varies, however, and some scientists and laypersons still use “hominid” in the original restrictive sense; the scholarly literature generally shows the traditional usage until around the turn of the 21st century)
(within the taxon ‘Hominidae’, a number of ‘extant’ and known ‘extinct’, that is, ‘fossil’, genera are grouped with the ‘humans’, ‘chimpanzees’, and ‘gorillas’ in the subfamily ‘Homininae’; others with ‘orangutans’ in the subfamily ‘Ponginae’)
(the most recent common ancestor of all ‘hominidae’ lived roughly 14 million years ago, when the ancestors of the ‘orangutans’ speciated from the ancestral line of the other 3 genera)
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(those ancestors of the family ‘hominidae’ had already speciated from the family ‘hylobatidae’ (the ‘gibbons’), perhaps 15 million to 20 million years ago)
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥