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-AS OF [24 AUGUST 2024]-
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-a photon is an ‘elementary particle’, the ‘quantum’ of all forms of ‘electro-magnetic radiation’ (including ‘light’)-
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(t is the ‘force carrier’ for ‘electromagnetic force’, even when static via ‘virtual photons’)
(the ‘photon’ has ‘zero rest mass’ and as a result, the interactions of this ‘force’ with matter at ‘long distance’ are observable at the ‘microscopic’ + ‘macroscopic’ levels)
(like all ‘elementary particles’, ‘photons’ are currently best explained by ‘quantum mechanics’ and exhibit ‘wave–particle duality’, exhibiting properties of both ‘waves’ + ‘particles’)
(for example, a single ‘photon’ may be ‘refracted’ by a ‘lens’ and exhibit ‘wave interference’ with itself, and it can behave as a ‘particle’ with ‘definite’ + ‘finite’ measurable ‘position’ + ‘momentum’)
(the photon’s ‘wave’ + ‘quanta’ qualities are 2 observable aspects of a ‘single phenomenon’, and cannot be described by any ‘mechanical model’)
(a representation of this dual property of ‘light’ (which assumes certain points on the ‘wavefront’ to be the ‘seat’ of the ‘energy’), is not possible)
(the ‘quanta’ in a ‘light wave’ cannot be ‘spatially localized’)
(some defined ‘physical parameters’ of a ‘photon’ are listed)
(the modern concept of the ‘photon’ was developed gradually by ‘albert einstein’ in the ‘early 20th century’ to explain ‘experimental observations’ that did not fit the ‘classical wave model’ of ‘light’)
(the benefit of the ‘photon’ model was that it accounted for the ‘frequency dependence’ of light’s ‘energy’, and explained the ability of ‘matter’ + ‘electromagnetic radiation’ to be in ‘thermal equilibrium’)
(the ‘photon’ model accounted for ‘anomalous observations’, including the properties of ‘black-body radiation’, that others (notably ‘max planck’) had tried to explain using ‘semi-classical models’)
(in that ‘model’, ‘light’ was described by ‘maxwell’s equations’, but ‘material objects’ emitted + absorbed light in quantized amounts…
…meaning they change ‘energy’ only by certain ‘particular discrete amounts’)
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(although these ‘semi-classical models’ contributed to the development of ‘quantum mechanics’, many further experiments beginning with the phenomenon of ‘compton scattering’ of single ‘photons’ by ‘electrons’, validated einstein’s hypothesis that light itself is quantized)
(in ‘1926’, the optical physicist ‘frithiof wolfers’ and the ‘chemist’ ‘gilbert n. lewis’ coined the name ‘photon’ for these ‘particles’)
(after ‘arthur h. compton’ won the ‘nobel prize’ in ‘1927’ for his ‘scattering’ studies, most scientists accepted that ‘light quanta’ have an ‘independent existence’, and the term photon was accepted)
(in the ‘standard model’ of ‘particle physics’, ‘photons’ and other ‘elementary particles’ are described as a ‘necessary consequence’ of ‘physical laws’ having a certain ‘symmetry’ at every ‘point’ in ‘spacetime’)
(the ‘intrinsic properties’ of ‘particles’ (such as ‘charge’ / ‘mass’ / ‘spin’) are determined by this ‘gauge symmetry’)
(the ‘photon concept’ has led to momentous advances in ‘experimental’ and ‘theoretical physics’, including ‘lasers’, ‘bose–einstein’ condensation, ‘quantum field theory’, and the ‘probabilistic interpretation’ of ‘quantum mechanics’)
(it has been applied to ‘photochemistry’, ‘high-resolution microscopy’, and measurements of ‘molecular distances’)
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(recently, ‘photons’ have been studied as elements of ‘quantum computers’, and for applications in ‘optical imaging’ and ‘optical communication’ such as ‘quantum cryptography’)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥