“supine”

“SOO pine”

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(a supine is a form of ‘verbal noun’ used in some ‘languages’)

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(in ‘latin’, there are 2 supines, I (‘first’) and II (‘second’))

(they are originally the ‘accusative’ and ‘dative’ or ‘ablative’ forms of a ‘verbal noun’ in the ‘4th declension’, respectively)

(the ‘first supine’ ends in -um)

(it has 2 uses)

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(the ‘first use’ is with ‘verbs of motion’ and indicates ‘purpose’)

(for example, “gladiatores adfuerunt pugnatum” is latin for “the gladiators have come to fight“, and “nuntii gratulatum et cubitum venerunt” is latin for “the messengers came to congratulate and to sleep“)

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(the ‘second usage’ is in the ‘future passive infinitive, for example “amatum iri” means “to be about to be loved”)

(it mostly appears in ‘indirect statements’, for example “credidit se necatum iri“, meaning “he thought that he was going to be killed“)

(the ‘second supine’ can be used with ‘adjectives’, but it is rarely used and only a small number of ‘verbs’ traditionally take it)

(it is derived from the dativus finalis which expresses ‘purpose’ or the ablativus respectivus which indicates ‘in what respect’)

(it is the same as the ‘first supine’ minus the final -m and with lengthened “u”)

(“mirabile dictū”, for example, means “amazing to say”, where dictū is a ‘supine form’)

(outside of ‘latin’, a ‘supine’ is a ‘non-finite verb form’ whose use resembles that of the ‘latin supine’)

(the ‘english supine’ is the ‘bare infinitive’ (the verb’s ‘plain form’) introduced by the particle to; for this reason it is often called the full infinitive or to-infinitive. e.g. ‘to ‘err’ is ‘human’; to ‘forgive’, ‘divine”)

(in ‘estonian’, ‘supine’ is called “ma-tegevusnimi” (lit. “ma-action name”) because all the words in supine have “ma” in the end (as in “tegema”, “jooksma”, “kõndima”) and they act similarly to the ‘latin example’)

(in ‘estonian’, the ‘supine’ is also the common ‘dictionary form’ for ‘verbs’)

(the ‘romanian supine’ generally corresponds to an ‘english construction’ like for doing; for example, “această carte este de citit” means “this book is for reading“)

(the ‘slovene supine’ is used after ‘verbs of movement’)

(read more on ‘slovenian verbs’)

(the ‘supine’ was used in ‘proto-slavic’ but it was replaced in most ‘slavic languages’ by the ‘infinitive’ in later periods)

(in ‘czech’, the ‘contemporary infinitive’ ending -t (formerly -ti) originates from the ‘supine’)

(in ‘swedish’, the ‘supine’ is used with an ‘auxiliary verb’ to produce some ‘compound verb forms’ (aka ‘perfect forms’))

(read more on ‘swedish grammar’)

(in some dialects of ‘lithuanian’, the ‘supine’ is used with verbs of motion to indicate purpose, e. g. moterys eina miestan duonos pirktų , which means the women are going to the town to buy some bread (more archaic forms are ‘pirktun’ / ‘pirktum’)

(the ‘standard language’ uses the infinitive, pirkti in place of the ‘supine’)

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(in the past, the ‘supine’ was a more widespread form that was not restricted to just a few ‘dialects’ within the ‘language’)

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*WIKI-LINK*

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👈👈👈☜*“GRAMMAR”* ☞ 👉👉👉

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