“hordeum”

“BARLEY”

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(“hordeum” is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family)

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(they are native throughout the temperate regions of Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas)

(one species, H. vulgare (barley), is of major commercial importance as a cereal grain, used as fodder crop and for malting in beer and whiskey production)

(some species are nuisance weeds introduced worldwide by human activities)

(others endangered due to habitat loss)

(“Hordeum” species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the flame, rustic shoulder-knot and setaceous Hebrew character)

(the name comes from the Latin for bristle, and is akin to “horror”)

SpeciesHordeum aegiceras – Mongolia, China including TibetHordeum arizonicum USA (CA AZ NV NM), Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Durango)Hordeum bogdanii – from Turkey and European Russia to Mongolia

 

Hordeum brachyantherum – Russia (Kuril, Kamchatka), Alaska, Canada including Yukon, USA (mostly in the West but also scattered locales in the East), Baja California

Hordeum brachyatherum – Chile

Hordeum brevisubulatum – European Russia; temperate and subarctic Asia from Turkey and the Urals to China and Magadan

Hordeum bulbosum – Mediterranean, Central Asia

Hordeum californicum – USA (CA OR NV)

Hordeum capense – South Africa, Lesotho

Hordeum chilense – Argentina, Chile including Juan Fernández Is

Hordeum comosum – Argentina, Chile

Hordeum cordobense – northern Argentina

Hordeum depressum – USA (CA OR WA ID NV), British Columbia, Baja California

Hordeum distichon – Iraq

Hordeum erectifolium – northern Argentina

Hordeum euclaston – Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina

Hordeum flexuosum – Uruguay, Argentina

Hordeum fuegianum – Tierra del Fuego

Hordeum guatemalense – Guatemala

Hordeum halophilum – Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru

Hordeum jubatum (foxtail barley) – widespread in USA and Canada; Asiatic Russia, Inner Mongolia, Central Asia, Caucasus

Hordeum × lagunculciforme – Iraq, Turkmenistan, Himalayas, western China

Hordeum lechleri – Argentina, Chile

Hordeum marinum (sea barley) – Europe, North Africa, southwestern and central Asia

Hordeum murinum (wall barley) – Canary Islands, Europe, North Africa, southwestern and central Asia

Hordeum muticum – Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru

Hordeum parodii – Argentina

Hordeum patagonicum – Argentina, Chile

Hordeum × pavisii – France

Hordeum procerum – Argentina

Hordeum pubiflorum – Argentina, Chile

Hordeum pusillum (little barley) – widespread in Canada and USA; northern Mexico, Bermuda, Argentina

Hordeum roshevitzii – China, Korea, Primorye, Mongolia, Siberia, Kazakhstan

Hordeum secalinum – Europe, Mediterranean, Caucasus

Hordeum spontaneum – from Greece and Egypt to central China

Hordeum stenostachys – Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, South Africa

Hordeum tetraploidum – Argentina, Chile

Hordeum vulgare (barley) – native to Middle East, now cultivated in many countries

formerly included:

(many species now regarded as better suited to other genera:)

(“arrhenatherum”, Crithopsis, Dasypyrum, Elymus, Eremopyrum, Hordelymus, Leymus, Psathyrostachys, and “taeniatherum”)

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