(aka ‘IPA’)
(the ‘english way’)
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*CURRENT VERSIONS*
(as of ’30 september 2020′)
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*the international phonetic alphabet (IPA) is an ‘alphabetic system’ of ‘phonetic notation’ based primarily on the ‘latin alphabet’*
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(as of the most recent change in ‘2005’, the IPA has…)
‘107 letters’
’52 diacritics’
‘4 prosodic marks’
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(it was devised by the ‘international phonetic association’ in the ‘late 19th century’ as a ‘standardized representation’ of the ‘sounds’ of ‘spoken language’)
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(the ‘IPA’ is used by…)
‘lexicographers’
‘foreign language students‘
‘foreign language teachers’
‘linguists’
‘speech-language pathologists’
‘singers’
‘actors’
‘constructed language creators’
‘translators’
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(“and most likely many many more we’re forgettin’…”)
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(the ‘IPA’ is designed to represent only those qualities of ‘speech’ that are part of ‘oral language’…)
‘phones’
‘phonemes’
‘intonation’
*separation of ‘words’ + ‘syllables’*
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(to represent additional qualities of ‘speech’ [such as ‘tooth gnashing’, ‘lisping’ / sounds made with a ‘cleft lip’ + ‘cleft palate’)], an extended set of symbols (the ‘extensions’ to the ‘international phonetic alphabet’), may be used)
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(just wait until they discover a ‘child prodigy’ singer with a ‘cleft palate’…)
(…which brings with it ‘fame’ and ‘fortune’ due to the cleft palate’s mellifluous (/ ‘sonorous’) effects on the quality and tone of his ‘singing voice’)
(modern ‘castrato’)
(‘covertly castrated’)
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(‘IPA symbols’ are composed of 1 or more ‘elements’ of ‘2 basic types’…)
‘letters’
‘diacritics’
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(for example, the sound of the english letter ⟨t⟩ may be transcribed in ‘IPA’ with a single letter, [t], or with a ‘letter’ plus ‘diacritics’ ( [tʰ] ) depending on how ‘precise’ one wishes to be)
(often, ‘slashes’ are used to signal ‘broad’ (aka ‘phonemic’) transcription; thus, /t/ is less specific than, and could refer to, either [tʰ] or [t], depending on the ‘context’ and ‘language’)
(occasionally ‘letters’ (or ‘diacritics’) are (‘added’ / ‘removed’ / ‘modified’) by the ‘international phonetic association’)
(as of the most recent change in ‘2005’, there are (‘107 letters’ / ’52 diacritics’ / ‘4 prosodic marks’) in the ‘IPA’)
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(these are shown in the current ‘IPA chart’, posted below in this article and at the website of the ‘IPA’)
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*👨🔬🕵️♀️🙇♀️*SKETCHES*🙇♂️👩🔬🕵️♂️*
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥