(via ‘plato’)
(circa ‘380 BCE’)
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“latin” –>
“res publica”
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*a ‘sovereign state’ (or ‘country’) which is organized with a ‘form of government’ in which ‘power’ resides in ‘elected individuals’ representing the ‘citizen body’ + ‘government leaders’ exercise power according to the ‘rule of law’*
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(in modern times, the definition of a “republic” is commonly referred to a government which excludes a ‘monarch’)
(currently, 147 of the world’s 206 sovereign states use the word “republic” as part of their official names; not all of these are republics in the sense of having elected governments, nor do all nations with elected governments use the word “republic” in their names)
(both ‘modern’ and ‘ancient’ republics vary widely in their ‘ideology’ and ‘composition’)
(in the ‘classical’ and ‘medieval’ period of ‘europe’, many states were fashioned on the ‘roman republic’, which referred to the governance of the city of ‘rome’, between it having ‘kings’ and ’emperors’)
(the italian ‘medieval’ and ‘renaissance’ political tradition, today referred to as “civic humanism”, is sometimes considered to derive directly from roman republicans such as ‘sallust’ and ‘tacitus’)
(however, greek-influenced roman authors (such as ‘polybius’ and ‘cicero’), sometimes also used the term as a translation for the greek politeia which could mean ‘regime’ generally, but could also be applied to certain specific types of ‘regime’ which did not exactly correspond to that of the ‘roman republic’)
(‘republics’ were not equated with ‘classical democracies’ such as ‘athens’, but had a ‘democratic aspect’)
(‘republics’ became more common in the ‘western world’ starting in the late 18th century, eventually displacing ‘absolute monarchy’ as the most common form of government in ‘europe’)
(in ‘modern republics’, the ‘executive’ is legitimized both by a ‘constitution’ and by ‘popular suffrage’)
(in his work, “the spirit of the laws”, ‘montesquieu’ classified both ‘democracies’ (where all the people have a share in ‘rule’) and ‘aristocracies’ (where only some of the people rule), as ‘republican forms of government’)
(most often a ‘republic’ is a ‘single sovereign state’, but there are also ‘sub-sovereign state entities’ that are referred to as “republics”, or which have governments that are described as ‘republican’ in nature)
(for instance, ‘article IV’ of the ‘united states constitution’ “guarantee[s] to every state in this union a “republican” form of government)
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(in contrast, the ‘soviet union’ was constitutionally described as a “federal multi-national state” composed of ’15 republics’…)
(…2 of which (‘ukraine’ + ‘belarus’) had their own ‘seats’ at the ‘united nations’)
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👈👈👈☜*“FORMS OF GOVERNMENT”* ☞ 👉👉👉
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥