-D BATTERIES- - -KINGDOM OF JOGA-

-as of [12 AUGUST 2024]-

___*AKA*___

*”D CELL”*

*”IEC R20*

-a [d battery] is the size of a [dry cell]-

A D cell is cylindrical with an electrical contact at each end; the positive end has a nub or bump.

D cells are typically used in high current drain applications, such as in large flashlights, radio receivers, and transmitters, and other devices that require an extended running time.

A D cell may be either rechargeable or non-rechargeable.

Its terminal voltage and capacity depend upon its cell chemistry.

The National Carbon Company introduced the first D cell in 1898.

Before smaller cells became more common, D cells were widely known as flashlight batteries.

The U.S. military designation for this battery has been BA-30 since sometime before World War II.[1]

During World War II, it was designated the Type C battery by the U.S. Navy, leading to confusion with the smaller C cell battery (BA-42).

In 2007, D batteries accounted for 8% of alkaline primary battery sales (numerically) in the US. In 2008, Swiss purchases of D batteries amounted to 3.4% of primary and 1.4% of secondary (rechargeable) sales.[2][3]

Dimensions and capacity[edit]

D, C, AA, AAA, AAAA and 9-Volt batteries

 Zinc–carbon Alkaline    Li-FeS2 NiCd    NiMH

IEC name R20 LR20 FR20 KR20 HR20

ANSI/NEDA name 13D 13A 13LF

Typical capacity charge 8000 mAh 12000–18000 mAh 2000–5500 mAh 2200–12000 mAh

energy 12 Wh 18–27 Wh 2.5–6.9 Wh 2.75–15 Wh

Nominal voltage 1.5 V 1.5 V 1.5 V 1.25 V 1.25 V

Rechargeable No Special type only No Yes Yes

A battery’s capacity depends upon its cell chemistry and current draw. Duracell brand rates its alkaline D cell performance as approximately 20,000 mAh at 25 mA draw, but about 10,000 mAh at 500 mA draw.[4] This effect is generally less pronounced in cells with NiMH chemistry and hardly at all with NiCd. Many commonly available size D rechargeable cells are actually sub-C cells in a D-sized holder.

D batteries have:

Nominal diameter of 33.2 ± 1 millimeters (1.3 inches).

The overall length of 61.5 millimeters (2.42 inches). [5]