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-in [photography], the [metering mode] refers to the way in which a [camera] determines [exposure]-
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Cameras generally allow the user to select between spot, center-weighted average, or multi-zone metering modes.
The different metering modes allow the user to select the most appropriate one for use in a variety of lighting conditions.
In complex light situations professional photographers tend to switch to manual mode, rather than depending on a setting determined by the camera.
Examples of metering modes
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Digital metering feedback
Analog metering feedback (light meter)
With spot metering, the camera will measure only a very small area of the scene (1–5% of the viewfinder area). By default this is the centre of the scene. The user can select a different off-centre spot or recompose by moving the camera after metering. Certain models support a mode which allows averaging of multiple spot meter readings, and some support metering of highlight and shadow areas.
Spot metering is not influenced by other areas in the frame. It is commonly used to shoot very high contrast scenes. For example, in a backlit situation a rising sun may be behind a person whose face will be much darker than the bright halo around the body and hairline. Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person’s face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline. With the face properly exposed, the area around the back and hairline will become over-exposed. In many cases spot metering will over or underexpose a portion of the scene, so that the point of interest will be correctly exposed.
Another example of the use of spot metering is photographing the moon. Other metering methods will increase overall exposure in an attempt to lighten the dark sky area, resulting in overexposure of the moon. Spot metering gives correct exposure of the moon and underexposes the rest of the scene which was dark already, so the low exposure is not noticeable. Spot metering may also be used for theatre photography, where brightly lit actors appear in a darkened auditorium. Spot metering is a method upon which the Zone System depends.
Center-weighted average metering
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In this system, the meter concentrates on the central 60–80% of the scene. The balance is then “feathered” out towards the edges. This mode of exposure is less influenced by peripheral areas of the scene and is therefore well suited for photographs with subjects or objects of interest in the central part of the image. Some cameras allow the user to adjust the weight/balance of the central portion to the peripheral one. If the camera allows a user to move the focus point off the image center, metering will occur around the new focus location. Although promoted as a feature, center-weighted metering was originally a consequence of the meter reading from the focusing screen of SLR cameras. Light scatter from the focusing screen and proximity of the meter cell caused less sensitivity at the edges.
In this metering mode, the camera uses light information from the entire scene and creates an average for the final exposure setting, giving no weighting to any particular portion of the metered area. In some situations, such as a snowy landscape, this mode will result in underexposure by 2 f-stops or more, because the metering system attempts to darken an excessively bright scene.
Partial (selective) metering
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This mode meters a larger area than spot metering (around 10–15% of the entire frame), and is generally used when very bright or very dark areas on the edges of the frame would otherwise unduly influence the metering. As in spot metering, some cameras can use variable points for readings or use a fixed point in the centre of the viewfinder.
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Highlight-weighted metering
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Clipping is reduced by using a high resolution metering sensor and analyzing each area for washed-out (“blown”) highlights or underexposed shadows.[3] Although there are some similarities with multi-zone, matrix, or evaluative metering, this mode uses a high-resolution sensor for detailed detection and gives more weight to reduce clipping.[4]
Feathering
Vignetting
^ Canon technology description for evaluative metering. Archived May 22, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^ “Exposure Metering”. Nikon Corporation. Archived from the original on 2010-04-28.
^ “Nikon D810 Announcement”. PhotographyLife.
^ “First Look Review: Nikon D810”. Amateur Photographer.
Understanding Metering and Metering Modes
Metering Modes and How Your Camera Meter Works
Highlight-Weighted Metering: Technical Details and Use Nikon
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Metering_mode
Metering mode
Contributors to Wikimedia projects7-8 minutes 12/11/2004
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Pattern metering mode, also known as evaluative or matrix metering mode, is a camera setting that measures the amount of light in a scene to determine the best exposure:
How it works
The camera divides the scene into grids and analyzes each grid to determine the amount of light in the shadows and highlights.
The camera then calculates an average to determine the recommended exposure
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When to use it
This mode is a good general-purpose option for evenly lit scenes, such as landscapes, street photos, and commercial photography.
It’s also a good choice when you’re not sure which metering mode to use
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When it might not work
This mode might not provide the correct exposure if the scene has high contrast or light irregularities
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Other metering modes include:
Center-weighted:
Measures the average brightness of the entire scene, but emphasizes the central area
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Spot:
Measures the light in the central area of the screen
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Highlight:
Measures the brightness while emphasizing the highlighted area on the screen
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