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*“civil year” vs “ecclesiastical year”*
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*aka* –>
“jewish calendar”
הַלּוּחַ הָעִבְרִי, ha-luah ha-Ivri
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*the hebrew calendar’ is a ‘luni-solar calendar’ used today predominantly for ‘jewish religious observances’*
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(it determines the dates for ‘jewish holidays’ and the appropriate ‘public reading’ of ‘torah’ portions, yahrzeits (dates to commemorate the death of a relative), and ‘daily psalm readings’, among many ‘ceremonial uses’)
(in ‘israel’, it is used for ‘religious purposes’, provides a ‘time frame’ for ‘agriculture’ and is an ‘official calendar’ for ‘civil purposes’, although the latter usage has been steadily declining in favor of the “gregorian calendar”)
(the present “hebrew calendar” is the product of ‘evolution’, including a “babylonian” influence)
(until the ‘tannaitic period’ (approximately ’10’ – ‘220’ CE), the calendar employed a ‘new crescent moon’, with an additional ‘month’ normally added every 2 or 3 years to correct for the difference between ’12 lunar months’ and the ‘solar year’)
(when to add it was based on ‘observation’ of ‘natural agriculture-related events’)
(through the ‘amoraic period’ (‘200’ – ‘500’ CE) and into the ‘geonic period’, this system was gradually displaced by the ‘mathematical rules’ used today)
(the ‘principles’ and ‘rules’ were ‘fully codified’ by ‘maimonides’ in the mishneh torah in the ’12th century’)
(‘maimonides’ work also replaced counting “years since the destruction of the ‘temple'” with the modern creation-era anno mundi)
(the ‘hebrew lunar year’ is about 11 days shorter than the ‘solar year’ and uses the ’19-year metonic cycle’ to bring it into line with the ‘solar year’, with the addition of an ‘intercalary month’ every 2 or 3 years, for a total of 7 times per ’19 years’)
(even with this ‘intercalation’, the average ‘hebrew calendar year’ is longer by about ‘6 minutes / 40 seconds’ than the current ‘mean tropical year’, so that every ‘216 years’ the ‘hebrew calendar’ will fall a day behind the current ‘mean solar year’; and about every ‘231 years’ it will fall a day behind the ‘gregorian calendar year’)
(the era used since the ‘middle ages’ is the anno mundi epoch (latin for “in the year of the world”; hebrew: לבריאת העולם, “from the creation of the world”))
(as with anno domini (A.D. or AD), the ‘words’ or ‘abbreviation’ for anno mundi (A.M. or AM) for the ‘era’ should properly precede the date rather than follow it)
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(“AM 5776” began at sunset on ’13 september 2015′ and will end at sunset on ‘2 october 2016’)
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💕💝💖💓🖤💙🖤💙🖤💙🖤❤️💚💛🧡❣️💞💔💘❣️🧡💛💚❤️🖤💜🖤💙🖤💙🖤💗💖💝💘
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*🌈✨ *TABLE OF CONTENTS* ✨🌷*
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🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥*we won the war* 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥